Associate Professor Beulah Leitch (Chair of the Neuroscience Research Group, Anatomy)
The Leitch Group research interests are in cellular and molecular neuroscience. Our research focuses on the structural and functional development of neurons and their synapses; also changes occurring at synapses during aging and in various brain disorders. We are particularly interested in the impact of altered expression of receptors and their trafficking proteins at synapses.
Projects include investigations into: the effect of AMPA receptor deficits in corticothalamic networks as a result of a mutation in a TARP trafficking protein in the Stargazer model of absence epilepsy; changes in receptor expression at synapses in the maternal immune activation model of schizophrenia; calcium channels in normal and diseased brain; agmatine and age-related cognitive decline; and the effects of BDNF deficits on synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum.
We also have research interests in the detection of newly synthesized receptor proteins at dendritic locations and synapses in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute in Brain Research, Frankfurt Germany. This project uses new methodologies to detect recently synthesized protein molecules at synapses, from their pre-existing counter-parts, with ultrastructural resolution. This research will lay the groundwork for studying whether defects in local protein synthesis contributes to synaptic dysfunction underlying various brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. A/P Leitch is a co-author with her collaborators form MPI-BR on a paper in Science, published 17 May 2019.
Hafner, A-S. Donlin, P.G. Leitch, B. Herzog, E. & Schuman E.M. 2019. Local protein synthesis is a ubiquitous feature of neuronal pre- and postsynaptic compartments. Science. 364, eaau3644 (2019) 17 May 2019.
“Our brain cells (neurons) talk to each other at specialized connections called synapses. Understanding the mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction is fundamental to understanding many brain disorders”.
The Leitch Research Group expertise includes: electron microscopy (EM); immunogold-cytochemistry; molecular biology; immunoblotting; immunocytochemistry; confocal microscopy; high-resolution imaging techniques; neuronal cell culture; electrophysiology and EEG/video recording.
Hassan, M., Grattan, D. R., & Leitch, B. (2023). Developmental inhibitory changes in the primary somatosensory cortex of the stargazer mouse model of absence epilepsy. Biomolecules, 13, 186. doi: 10.3390/biom13010186
Journal - Research Article
Hassan, M., Adotevi, N. K., & Leitch, B. (2022). Altered GABAA receptor expression in the primary somatosensory cortex of a mouse model of genetic absence epilepsy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23, 15685. doi: 10.3390/ijms232415685
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B. (2022). The impact of glutamatergic synapse dysfunction in the corticothalamocortical network on absence seizure generation [Review]. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 15, 836255. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.836255
Journal - Research Article
Panthi, S., & Leitch, B. (2021). Chemogenetic activation of corticothalamocortical feedforward inhibitory parvalbumin expressing interneurons during absence seizures: An EEG study. Epilepsia, 62(Suppl. 3), (pp. 85-86). doi: 10.1111/epi.17079
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Panthi, S., Lyons, N. M. A., & Leitch, B. (2021). Impact of dysfunctional feed-forward inhibition on glutamate decarboxylase isoforms and γ-aminobutyric acid transporters. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(14), 7740. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147740
Journal - Research Article
Adotevi, N., Su, A., Peiris, D., Hassan, M., & Leitch, B. (2021). Altered neurotransmitter expression in the corticothalamocortical network of an absence epilepsy model with impaired feedforward inhibition. Neuroscience, 467, 73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.05.024
Journal - Research Article
Panthi, S., & Leitch, B. (2021). Chemogenetic activation of feed-forward inhibitory Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the cortico-thalamocortical network during absence seizures. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 15, 688905. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.688905
Journal - Research Article
Lyons, N., Panthi, S., & Leitch, B. (2021). Upregulation of GAD65 in somatosensory cortex of stargazer absence epileptic mice. New Zealand Medical Journal, 134(1537), (pp. 118). Retrieved from https://www.nzma.org.nz/journal
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Panthi, S., & Leitch, B. (2021). An investigation into dysfunctional feed-forward inhibition within the cortico-thalamocortical network on absence seizure generation. New Zealand Medical Journal, 134(1537), (pp. 110-111). Retrieved from https://www.nzma.org.nz/journal
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Adotevi, N. K., & Leitch, B. (2019). Cortical expression of AMPA receptors during postnatal development in a genetic model of absence epilepsy. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 73, 19-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.12.006
Journal - Research Article
Hafner, A.-S., Donlin-Asp, P. G., Leitch, B., Herzog, E., & Schuman, E. M. (2019). Local protein synthesis is a ubiquitous feature of neuronal pre- and postsynaptic compartments. Science, 364(6441), eaau3644. doi: 10.1126/science.aau3644
Journal - Research Article
Panthi, S., & Leitch, B. (2019). The impact of silencing feed-forward parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons in the cortico-thalamocortical network on seizure generation and behaviour. Neurobiology of Disease, 132, 104610. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104610
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., & Adotevi, N. (2019). Development of dysfunctional feed-forward inhibition in the thalamo-cortical network of a mouse model of absence epilepsy. Brain & Neuroscience Advances, 3, PS015. doi: 10.1177/2398212819855490
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B., & Panthi, S. (2019). The impact of loss of feed-forward inhibition in the thalamo-cortical network of a mouse model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsia, 60(Suppl. 2), (pp. 45). doi: 10.1111/epi.16336
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Panthi, S., & Leitch, B. (2019). Using DREADD technology to interrogate dysfunctional feed-foward inhibition within cortico-thalamo-cortical microcircuits to investigate absence seizure generation and altered behaviour. Proceedings of the 39th Australasian Neuroscience Society (ANS) Annual Scientific Meeting. 11562. Retrieved from https://www.ans.org.au
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Hassan, M., Adotevi, N. K., & Leitch, B. (2018). GABAergic changes in the somatosensory cortext of the stargazer mouse model of absence epilepsy. Proceedings of the 38th Australasian Neuroscience Society (ANS) Annual Scientific Meeting. 9316. Retrieved from https://www.ans.org.au
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Panthi, S., & Leitch, B. (2018). Investigating mechanisms underlying absence epilepsy using DREADD technology to silence microcircuits within the cortico-thalamic-cortical network. Proceedings of the Society for Neuroscience 48th Annual Meeting. 039.21/F7. SfN. Retrieved from https://www.sfn.org/
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Adotevi, N. K., & Leitch, B. (2017). Synaptic changes in AMPA receptor subunit expression in cortical parvalbumin interneurons in the stargazer model of absence epilepsy. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 10, 434. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00434
Journal - Research Article
Barad, Z., Grattan, D. R., & Leitch, B. (2017). NMDA receptor expression in the thalamus of the stargazer model of absence epilepsy. Scientific Reports, 7, 42926. doi: 10.1038/srep42926
Journal - Research Article
Best, H. L., Neverman, N. J., Wicky, H. E., Mitchell, N. L., Leitch, B., & Hughes, S. M. (2017). Characterisation of early changes in ovine CLN5 and CLN6 Batten disease neural cultures for the rapid screening of therapeutics. Neurobiology of Disease, 100, 62-74. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.01.001
Journal - Research Article
Seo, S., & Leitch, B. (2017). Postnatal expression of thalamic GABAA receptor subunits in the stargazer mouse model of absence epilepsy. NeuroReport, 28(18), 1255-1260. doi: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000909
Journal - Research Article
Adotevi, N. K., & Leitch, B. (2017). Changes in synaptic expression of glutamatergic AMPA receptors in cortical inhibitory interneurons in a mouse model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsia, 58(Suppl. 5), (pp. S25-S26). doi: 10.1111/epi.13944
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B. (Ed.). (2017). Proceedings of the 35th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research. AWCBR. 68p. Retrieved from http://www.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/index.html
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Lee, K., Goodman, L., Fourie, C., Schenk, S., Leitch, B., & Montgomery, J. M. (2016). AMPA receptors as therapeutic targets for neurological disorders. In R. Donev (Ed.), Advances in Protein Chemistry & Structural Biology (Vol. 103). (pp. 203-261). Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.10.004
Chapter in Book - Research
Adotevi, N. K., & Leitch, B. (2016). Alterations in AMPA receptor subunit expression in cortical inhibitory interneurons in the epileptic stargazer mutant mouse. Neuroscience, 339, 124-138. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.09.052
Journal - Research Article
Jing, Y., Liu, P., & Leitch, B. (2016). Region-specific changes in presynaptic agmatine and glutamate levels in the aged rat brain. Neuroscience, 312, 10-18. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.002
Journal - Research Article
Adotevi, N. K., & Leitch, B. (2016). Altered AMPA receptor expression in cortical inhibitory interneurons of the epileptic stargazer mutant mouse. Proceedings of the Australasian Neuroscience Society (ANS) Annual Scientific Meeting. Retrieved from https://www.ans.org.au
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B. (Ed.). (2016). Proceedings of the 34th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research. AWCBR. 74p. Retrieved from http://www.otago.ac.nz/awcbr
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Seo, S., & Leitch, B. (2015). Synaptic changes in GABAA receptor expression in the thalamus of the Stargazer mouse model of absence epilepsy. Neuroscience, 306, 28-38. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.021
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B. (Ed.). (2015). Proceedings of the 33rd International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research. AWCBR. 77p. Retrieved from http://www.otago.ac.nz/awcbr
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Seo, S., & Leitch, B. (2014). Altered thalamic GABAA -receptor subunit expression in the stargazer mouse model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsia, 55(2), 224-232. doi: 10.1111/epi.12500
Journal - Research Article
Trotman, M., Barad, Z., Guévremont, D., Williams, J., & Leitch, B. (2014). Changes in the GRIP 1&2 scaffolding proteins in the cerebellum of the ataxic stargazer mouse. Brain Research, 1546, 53-62. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.12.027
Journal - Research Article
Adotevi, N., & Leitch, B. (2014). Cortical changes in AMPA receptor expression in the stargazer mouse model of absence epilepsy. In B. Leitch & J. Shemmell (Eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.32, (pp. 67). AWCBR. Retrieved from https://web.psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/proceedings.html
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Barad, Z., & Leitch, B. (2014). Altered NMDAR subunit composition in the thalamus of a mouse model of absence epilepsy. In B. Leitch & J. Shemmell (Eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.32, (pp. 68). AWCBR. Retrieved from https://web.psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/proceedings.html
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Seo, S., & Leitch, B. (2014). Region-specific changes in GABAAR subunits in the thalamus of an animal model of absence epilepsy. In B. Leitch & J. Shemmell (Eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.32, (pp. 30). AWCBR. Retrieved from https://web.psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/proceedings.html
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B., & Shemmell, J. (Eds.). (2014). Proceedings of the 32nd International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research, 32. AWCBR. 86p. Retrieved from https://web.psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/proceedings.html
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Leitch, B., Shevtsova, O., & Arbuthnott, G. (2013). Absence seizures arising from a mutation that causes selective loss of AMPA receptors within thalamocortical networks. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 333(Suppl. 1), (pp. e51). doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.183
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Seo, S., & Leitch, B. (2013). Altered GABAA receptor subunit expression at thalamocortical synapses in an animal model of absence epilepsy. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 333(Suppl. 1), (pp. e33-e34). doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.125
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Seo, S., Barad, Z., & Leitch, B. (2013). Alteration of GABA-A receptor status subunits expression within the thalamus of Stargazer mouse model of absence epilepsy. Proceedings of the Australasian Neuroscience Society (ANS) Annual Meeting. (pp. 144). Retrieved from http://www.ans.org.au/
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Trotman, M., Barad, Z., & Leitch, B. (2013). GRIP-ping changes in synaptic protein interactions in Stargazers. Proceedings of the Australasian Neuroscience Society (ANS) Annual Meeting. (pp. 145). Retrieved from http://www.ans.org.au/
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B., & Shemmell, J. (Eds.). (2013). Proceedings of the 31st International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research, 31. AWCBR. 80p. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/Abstracts2013copy.html
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Trotman, M., Barad, Z., & Leitch, B. (2013, September). GRIPping changes in synaptic protein interactions in Stargazer mutants. Poster session presented at the Division of Health Sciences Research Forum: Foundations for Health: Otago Health Research, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)
Barad, Z., Shevtsova, O., Arbuthnott, G. W., & Leitch, B. (2012). Selective loss of AMPA receptors at corticothalamic synapses in the epileptic stargazer mouse. Neuroscience, 217, 19-31. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.05.011
Journal - Research Article
Shevtsova, O., & Leitch, B. (2012). Selective loss of AMPA receptor subunits at inhibitory neuron synapses in the cerebellum of the ataxic stargazer mouse. Brain Research, 1427, 54-64. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.10.022
Journal - Research Article
Barad, Z., Shevtsova, O., Arbuthnott, G., & Leitch, B. (2012). Selective loss of AMPA receptor subunits in the reticular thalamic nucleus of the epileptic stargazer mouse. Proceedings of the Australian Neuroscience Society (ANS) Annual Scientific Meeting. (pp. 96). Retrieved from http://www.ans.org.au/ans-annual-conference/
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B., Trotman, M., Barad, Z., Guevremont, D., & Williams, J. (2012). Changes in GRIP expression at cerebellar synapses in the ataxic Stargazer mutant mouse. FENS Abstracts.7, 011.06. Retrieved from http://fens2012.meetingxpert.net/FENS_331/poster_31521/program.aspx/anchor385
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B., & Shemmell, J. (Eds.). (2012). Proceedings of the 30th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research, 30. AWCBR. 78p. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/Abstracts2012.html
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Trotman, M., Barad, Z., & Leitch, B. (2012, September). Gripping changes in synaptic protein interactions in stargazer mutants. Poster session presented at the Division of Health Sciences Research Forum: Health Matters: Research Excellence at Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)
Leitch, B., Shevtsova, O., Reusck, K., Bergin, D. H., & Liu, P. (2011). Spatial learning-induced increase in agmatine levels at hippocampal CA1 synapses. Synapse, 65(2), 146-153. doi: 10.1002/syn.20828
Journal - Research Article
Seo, S., Liu, P., & Leitch, B. (2011). Spatial learning-induced accumulation of agmatine and glutamate at hippocampal CA1 synaptic terminals. Neuroscience, 129, 28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.007
Journal - Research Article
Jing, Y., Liu, P., & Leitch, B. (2011). Regional specific changes of agmatine level in the presynaptic terminals in the aged rat brain. In B. Leitch (Ed.), Proceedings of the 29th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.29, 5.8. AWCBR. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/abstracts/abstracts2011.html
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B., & Shevtsova, O. (2011). Reduction in AMPA receptor GluA4 subunit expression at synapses in inhibitory but not excitatory thalamic neurons of the epileptic stargazer mouse. Proceedings of the 8th International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) World Congress of Neuroscience. Retrieved from http://www.abstractstosubmit.com/ibro2011/abstracts/
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Shevtsova, O., & Leitch, B. (2011). Loss of AMPA receptor GluA4 subunits at corticothalamic synapses in the reticular thalamic nucleus of the epileptic stargazer mouse. Proceedings of the 8th International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) World Congress of Neuroscience. Retrieved from http://www.abstractstosubmit.com/ibro2011/abstracts/
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B. (Ed.). (2011). Proceedings of the 29th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research, 29. AWCBR. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/abstracts/abstracts2011.html
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Leitch, B. (2011, July). Seizures and stargazers: Is there anything to get excited about? Verbal presentation at the Brain Health Research Centre Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs
Leitch, B., Shevtsova, O., Reusck, K., Bergin, D. H., & Liu, P. (2010). Spatial learning-induced increase in agmatine levels at hippocampal CA1 synapses. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the Australian Neuroscience Society, in conjunction with the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Australian Physiological Society (ANS/AuPS). (pp. 175). Retrieved from http://www.sallyjayconferences.com.au/sydney2010/abstracts.html
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Seo, S., Shevtsova, O., Liu, P., & Leitch, B. (2010). Co-localization of L-glutamate and agmatine in the hippocampal CA1 synaptic terminals in rats. In B. Leitch (Ed.), Proceedings of the 28th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.28, (pp. 37). AWCBR. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/Abstracts2010.htm
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B. (Ed.). (2010). Proceedings of the 28th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research, 28. AWCBR. 43p. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/Abstracts2010.htm
Conference Contribution - Edited volume of conference proceedings
Leitch, B., & Pitman, R. M. (2009). Neuromodulation of mechanosensory input to the insect CNS. In A. Kamkin & I. Kiseleva (Eds.), Mechanosensitivity of the nervous system (Vol. 2). (pp. 145-170). Amsterdam: Springer.
Chapter in Book - Research
Leitch, B., Shevtsova, O., & Kerr, J. R. (2009). Selective reduction in synaptic proteins involved in vesicle docking and signalling at synapses in the ataxic mutant mouse Stargazer. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 512(1), 52-73. doi: 10.1002/cne.21890
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Shevtsova, O., Guévremont, D., & Williams, J. (2009). Loss of calcium channels in the cerebellum of the ataxic and epileptic stargazer mutant mouse. Brain Research, 1279, 156-167. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.04.051
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Szostek, A., Lin, R., & Shevtsova, O. (2009). Subcellular distribution of L-type calcium channel subtypes in rat hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience, 164(2), 641-657. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.006
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Szostek, A., Lin, R., & Shevtsova, O. (2009). Subcellular distribution of L-type calcium channel subtypes in rodent hippocampal neurons. In R. Napper (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.27, (pp. 36). AWCBR. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/Abstracts2009.htm
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Shevtsova, O., Guévremont, D., Williams, J. M., & Leitch, B. (2009). Alteration in calcium channel expression at cerebellar synapses in the ataxic and epileptic stargazer mutant mouse. In R. Napper (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.27, (pp. 36). AWCBR. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/Abstracts2009.htm
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Leitch, B., Shevtsova, O., Guévremont, D., & Williams, J. M. (2008). Synaptic changes in cerebellar neurons of an ataxic mouse. In J. G. Anson (Ed.), Proceedings of the 26th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.26, (pp. 29). AWCBR. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/2008Abstracts.pdf
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Shevtsova, O., & Leitch, B. (2008). Selective reduction in synaptic proteins involved in vesicle docking and signalling at synapses in the ataxic mutant mouse Stargazer. In J. G. Anson (Ed.), Proceedings of the 26th International Australasian Winter Conference on Brain Research.26, (pp. 69). AWCBR. Retrieved from http://psy.otago.ac.nz/awcbr/Abstracts/2008Abstracts.pdf
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Richardson, C. A., & Leitch, B. (2007). Identification of the neurotransmitters involved in modulation of transmitter release from the central terminals of the locust wing hinge stretch receptor. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 502, 794-809. doi: 10.1002/cne.21323
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Kerr, J. R., Kirkesola, T., & Stensland, H. (2007). Stargazin mutation causes a selective reduction in synaptic proteins and impairs synaptic vesicle docking. Proceedings of the Society for Neuroscience 37th Annual Meeting. SfN. Retrieved from http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/SearchResults.asp
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Richardson, C. A., & Leitch, B. (2005). Phenotype of cerebellar glutamatergic neurons is altered in stargazer mutant mice lacking brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expressions. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 481, 145-159. doi: 10.1002/cne.20386
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., & Richardson, C. A. (2004, October). Identification of the neurotransmitteres involved in modulation of transmitter release from the central terminals of the locust wing hinge stretch receptors. Poster session presented at the Proceedings of the Society for Neuroscience 34th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA.
Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)
Leitch, B., Judge, S., & Pitman, R. M. (2003). Octopaminergic modulation of synaptic transmission between an identified sensory afferent and flight motoneuron in the locust. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 462, 55-70. doi: 10.1002/cne.10698
Journal - Research Article
Richardson, C. A., & Leitch, B. (2003, April). Glutamate immunoreactiveity is severely reduced in the cerebellar cells of stargazer mutant mice which show a specific deficit in BDNF MRNA expression. Poster session presented at the Proceedings of the 17th National Meeting of the British Neuroscience Association, Harrogate, UK.
Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)
Richardson, C. A., & Leitch, B. (2002). Cerebellar Golgi, Purkinje, and basket cells have reduced γ-aminobutyric acid immunoreactivity in stargazer mutant mice. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 453, 85-99. doi: 10.1002/cne.10406
Journal - Research Article
Richardson, C., & Leitch, B. (2002, July). Cerebellar cells in stargazer mutant mice have reduced levels of GABA and glutamate immunoreactivity. Poster session presented at the Proceedings of the 3rd Forum of European Neuroscience, Paris, France.
Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)
Down, R. E., Ford, L., Woodhouse, S. D., Raemaekers, R. J. M., Leitch, B., Gatehouse, J. A., & Gatehouse, A. M. R. (2000). Snowdrop lectin (GNA) has no acute toxic effects on a beneficial insect predator, the 2-spot ladybird (Adalia bipunctata L.). Journal of Insect Physiology, 46, 379-391. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1910(99)00121-3
Journal - Research Article
Judge, S., & Leitch, B. (2000). Octopaminergic modulation of the central cholinergic neurons in an identified locust sensory pathway. Journal of Physiology.523(Suppl. S), (pp. 273P-274P). doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.tb00226.x
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Judge, S., & Leitch, B. (1999). GABA immunoreactivity in processes presynaptic to the locust wing stretch receptor neuron. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 407(1), 103-114.
Journal - Research Article
Judge, S., & Leitch, B. (1999). Modulation of transmitter release from the locust forewing stretch receptor neuron by GABAergic interneurons activated via muscarinic receptors. Journal of Neurobiology, 40(3), 420-431.
Journal - Research Article
Judge, S. J., & Leitch, B. (1998). Modulation of transmitter release from a locust (Locusta migratoria) sensory afferent by muscarinic and GABA receptors. Journal of Physiology, 513(Suppl.), (pp. 101P-102P). doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.tb00100.x
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Laurent, G., Wehr, M., MacLeod, K., Stopfer, M., Leitch, B., & Davidowitz, H. (1996). Dynamic encoding of odors with oscillating neuronal assemblies in the locust brain. Biological Bulletin, 191(1), 70-75. doi: 10.2307/1543064
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., & Pitman, R. M. (1995). Modulation of transmitter release from the terminals of the locust wing stretch receptor neuron by muscarinic antagonists. Journal of Neurobiology, 28(4), 455-464. doi: 10.1002/neu.480280406
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Shepherd, D., & Laurent, G. (1995). Morphogenesis of the branching pattern of a group of spiking local interneurons in relation to the organization of embryonic sensory neuropils in locust. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 349, 433-447. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1995.0128
Journal - Research Article
Watkins, B. L., Leitch, B., Burrows, M., & Knowles, B. H. (1995). Localization of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-like antigen in the thoracic nervous system of embryonic locusts, Schistocerca gregaria. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 351(1), 134-144. doi: 10.1002/cne.903510112
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., & Laurent, G. (1993). Distribution of GABAergic synaptic terminals on the dendrites of locust spiking local interneurones. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 337(3), 461-470. doi: 10.1002/cne.903370309
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Watkins, B. L., & Burrows, M. (1993). Distribution of acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system of adult locusts. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 334(1), 47-58. doi: 10.1002/cne.903340104
Journal - Research Article
Watson, A. H., Burrows, M., & Leitch, B. (1993). GABA-immunoreactivity in processes presynaptic to the terminals of afferents from a locust leg proprioceptor. Journal of Neurocytology, 22(7), 547-557. doi: 10.1007/BF01189042
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B. (1992). Ultrastructure of electrical synapses: Review. Electron Microscopy Reviews, 5(2), 311-339. doi: 10.1016/0892-0354(92)90014-h
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Heitler, W. J., Pitman, R. M., & Cobb, J. L. (1992). Two classes of vesicles are present and change in relative proportion during post-embryonic development of rectifying electrical synapses in the crayfish. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 321(2), 267-276. doi: 10.1002/cne.903210207
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Laurent, G., & Shepherd, D. (1992). Embryonic development of synapses on spiking local interneurones in locust. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 324(2), 213-236. doi: 10.1002/cne.903240206
Journal - Research Article
Leitch, B., Pitman, R. M., Heitler, W. J., & Cobb, J. L. (1992). Structural and functional post-embryonic development of a non-rectifying electrical synapse in the crayfish. Journal of Neurocytology, 21(2), 120-128. doi: 10.1007/BF01189010
Journal - Research Article
Heitler, W. J., Pitman, R. M., Cobb, J. L., & Leitch, B. (1991). Postembryonic development of rectifying electrical synapses in crayfish: Physiology. Journal of Neurocytology, 20(2), 109-123. doi: 10.1007/BF01279615
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Leitch, B., & Finbow, M. E. (1990). The gap junction-like form of a vacuolar proton channel component appears not to be an artifact of isolation: An immunocytochemical localization study. Experimental Cell Research, 190(2), 218-226. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(90)90189-h
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Leitch, B., & Probert, A. J. (1990). Schistosoma haematobium: The effect of Astiban on the cell composition and ultrastructure of the vitelline gland and the ultrastructure of the tegument and gastrodermis. Journal of Helminthology, 64(1), 65-69. doi: 10.1017/s0022149x00011901
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Leitch, B., Heitler, W. J., Cobb, J. L., & Pitman, R. M. (1990). Anti-GABA antibodies label a subpopulation of chemical synapses which modulate an electrical synapse in crayfish. Journal of Neurocytology, 19(6), 929-936. doi: 10.1007/BF01186820
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Leitch, B., Cobb, J. L., Heitler, W. J., & Pitman, R. M. (1989). Post-embryonic development of rectifying electrical synapses in the crayfish: Ultrastructure. Journal of Neurocytology, 18(6), 749-761. doi: 10.1007/BF01187228
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Leitch, B., & Probert, A. J. (1984). Schistosoma haematobium: Amoscanate and adult worm ultrastructure. Experimental Parasitology, 58(3), 278-289. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(84)90045-6
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Leitch, B., Probert, A. J., & Runham, N. W. (1984). The ultrastructure of the tegument of adult Schistosoma haematobium. Parasitology, 89 (Pt. 1), 71-78. doi: 10.1017/s003118200000114
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