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Overview

An introduction to pharmacognosy - understanding of natural product use as traditional and modern medicines including extraction, chemistry, assessment of biological activity, formulation, production considerations and regulation.

Natural products form the basis of modern medicines and are still used traditionally around the world for health benefits. The aim of this paper is to introduce students to the use and development of natural products for medicinal uses whilst obtaining practical skills applicable to this area. The paper features a component of traditional Māori medicine and rongoā.

About this paper

Paper title Natural Products and Medicines
Subject Pharmaceutical Science
EFTS 0.15
Points 18 points
Teaching period Semester 1 (On campus)
Domestic Tuition Fees ( NZD ) $1,318.20
International Tuition Fees Tuition Fees for international students are elsewhere on this website.
Prerequisite
(CHEM 191 or CHEM 111) plus 54 points at 200-level
Eligibility

This paper can complement BSc degrees with a pharmacology, botany or biology focus.

Contact

Associate Professor Arlene McDowell

Teaching staff

Paper Co-ordinator: Associate Professor Arlene McDowell

Teaching Staff:

Professor Natalie Hughes

Dr Lisa Kremer

Professor Sarah Hook

Professor Nigel Perry

Associate Professor Bill Hawkins

Professor Janice Lord

Associate Professor Allan Gamble

Professor Craig Bunt

Plus guest lecturers from industry

Paper Structure

PSCI303 will be taught through lectures, laboratories and field trips covering the following general topics:

  • Introduction to pharmacognosy.
  • Identification, isolation and extraction of natural products.
  • Biological activity of natural products.
  • Production considerations for natural products.
Textbooks

No Textbooks required.

Graduate Attributes Emphasised

Global perspective, Interdisciplinary perspective, Lifelong learning, Scholarship, Communication, Critical thinking, Cultural understanding, Ethics, Information literacy, Research, Self-motivation, Teamwork
View more information about Otago's graduate attributes.

Learning Outcomes

By completion of this paper students will be able to:

  1. Discuss the use of natural products as medicines.
  2. Explain the chemical properties of natural products.
  3. Demonstrate the process of extraction and isolation of natural products.
  4. Summarize the concepts for assessing the biological activity of natural products.
  5. Describe the quality assurance processes and regulatory issues for natural products.
  6. Apply principles of scientific research and methods to problem solving.
  7. Communicate expert scientific knowledge effectively to different audiences.
  8. Works effectively as a team member.

Overview

An introduction to pharmacognosy - understanding of natural product use as traditional and modern medicines including extraction, chemistry, assessment of biological activity, formulation, production considerations and regulation.

Natural products form the basis of modern medicines and are still used traditionally around the world for health benefits. The aim of this paper is to introduce students to the use and development of natural products for medicinal uses whilst obtaining practical skills applicable to this area. The paper features a component of traditional Māori medicine and rongoā.

About this paper

Paper title Natural Products and Medicines
Subject Pharmaceutical Science
EFTS 0.15
Points 18 points
Teaching period Semester 1 (On campus)
Domestic Tuition Fees Tuition Fees for 2027 have not yet been set
International Tuition Fees Tuition Fees for international students are elsewhere on this website.
Prerequisite
(CHEM 191 or CHEM 111) plus 54 points at 200-level
Eligibility

This paper can complement BSc degrees with a pharmacology, botany or biology focus.

Contact

Professor Arlene McDowell

Teaching staff

Paper Co-ordinator: Professor Arlene McDowell

Teaching Staff:

  • Professor Natalie Hughes
  • Dr Lisa Kremer
  • Professor Sarah Hook
  • Professor Nigel Perry
  • Associate Professor Bill Hawkins
  • Professor Janice Lord
  • Associate Professor Allan Gamble
  • Professor Craig Bunt
  • Plus guest lecturers from industry
Paper Structure

PSCI303 will be taught through lectures, laboratories and field trips covering the following general topics:

  • Introduction to pharmacognosy.
  • Identification, isolation and extraction of natural products.
  • Biological activity of natural products.
  • Production considerations for natural products.
Textbooks

No Textbooks required.

Course outline

Lectures

Module 1: Introduction to pharmacognosy

  • What are natural products and medicines - pharmacognosy?
  • Use of natural products for traditional medicines in Western Countries I
  • Use of natural products for traditional medicines in Eastern Countries II
  • Rongoā practitioners
  • Rongoā engagement
  • Rongoā rakau
  • Botanical descriptions and anatomy of plants
  • Botanical identification of key natural product genera

Module 2: Identification, isolation and extraction of natural products

  • Natural product chemistry I
  • Natural product chemistry II
  • Taonga natural products of Aotearoa I: Whenua
  • Taonga natural products of Aotearoa II: Moana
  • Commercialisation and IP of natural products
  • Extraction and isolation of natural products
  • Synthesis and biological evaluation of alkaloids

Module 3: Biological activity of natural products

  • Assessment of biological activity – in vitro
  • Assessment of biological activity – in vivo
  • Critical appraisal of natural product evidence
  • Bioavailability of natural products
  • Adverse effects and drug interactions
  • Guest lecture: Cannabis – herb to pharmaceutical
  • Animals and natural medicines

Module 4: Production considerations for natural products

  • Quality control and adulteration of natural products
  • Regulation of natural products
  • Formulation of natural products I
  • Formulation of natural products II
  • Pharmacopoeia and monographs for natural products
  • Industry perspectives on natural products I
  • Industry perspectives on natural products II
  • Cultivation considerations for natural products
  • Using biotechnology to produce bioactives
  • Recent advances in natural products and medicines

Laboratories

Laboratory 1: Botanical identification and seaweed polysaccharide extraction

Laboratory 2: Extraction of bioactives from natural sources

Laboratory 3: Determine activity of bioactive compounds

Laboratory 4: Formulation of natural products

Workshop and tutorials

  • A 2-hour journal club format where students are required to read a paper before class and then report on a figure in the paper and present a critical interpretation
  • A 2-hour tutorial where students discuss ethical issues around testing natural products

Fieldwork

  • A 4-hour field trip to a production site for natural products
Graduate Attributes Emphasised
Global perspective, Interdisciplinary perspective, Lifelong learning, Scholarship, Communication, Critical thinking, Cultural understanding, Ethics, Information literacy, Research, Self-motivation, Teamwork.
View more information about Otago's graduate attributes.
Learning Outcomes

By completion of this paper students will be able to:

  1. Discuss the use of natural products as medicines.
  2. Explain the chemical properties of natural products.
  3. Demonstrate the process of extraction and isolation of natural products.
  4. Summarise the concepts for assessing the biological activity of natural products.
  5. Describe the quality assurance processes and regulatory issues for natural products.
  6. Apply principles of scientific research and methods to problem solving.
  7. Communicate expert scientific knowledge effectively to different audiences.
  8. Works effectively as a team member.
Assessment details

Internal Assessments (40%)

  • End of Module Test (MCQ & SAQ) - 10%
  • Lab Report (individual) - 15%
  • Research Article vLog (group) - 15%
Final Assessment (60%)

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