Email liana.machado@otago.ac.nz
Tel 64 3 479 7622
Associate Professor Liana Machado’s primary areas of expertise are neuropsychology and cognitive psychology. Research in her laboratory investigates the mechanisms and machinery underlying healthy brain functions and the cognitive deficits that emerge as a result of brain disease and healthy aging. Associate Professor Machado has published over 40 research articles in high impact international journals. Together, these articles have been cited over 1000 times in other research articles. She collaborates with scientists in Europe and the USA, as well as within New Zealand.
In addition to lecturing on her areas of expertise to university students, Associate Professor Machado serves the community through presentations as well as her role as an invited member of the Neurological Foundation Scientific Advisory Committee.
Liana earned a bachelor’s degree in psychology at UCLA in 1994 and a PhD in Neuroscience at UC Davis in 1998. After conducting postdoctoral research for five years in the laboratory of a neurologist in the UK, she joined the Department of Psychology at the University of Otago in 2003.
Teaching
Research Interests
- Mechanisms and machinery underlying healthy brain functions
- Cognitive deficits that emerge as a result of brain disease and healthy aging
Find out more about Associate Professor Machado's research interests
Media Links
Using electrical brain stimulation (transcranial direct current stimulation) to enhance cognitive functioning
Saturday Morning with Kim Hill, Radio New Zealand National. Interview, 23 May 2015.
Research findings from my laboratory on exercise and brain function
Dunedin Television Nightly Interview, 22 Jan 2015.
Publications
Guiney, H., Lucas, S. J. E., Cotter, J. D., & Machado, L. (2019). Investigating links between habitual physical activity, cerebrovascular function, and cognitive control in healthy older adults. Neuropsychologia, 125, 62-69. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.01.011
Machado, L., & Devine, A. (2019). Endogenous modulation of compatibility effects: An investigation into the temporal dynamics. Visual Cognition. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13506285.2019.1611684
Stenling, A., Moylan, A., Fulton, E., & Machado, L. (2019). Effects of a brief stair-climbing intervention on cognitive performance and mood states in healthy young adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2300. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02300
White, N., Naldoza-Drake, P., Black, K., Scullion, L., & Machado, L. (2019). Can improving the nutritional content of bread enhance cognition? Cognitive outcomes from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1007/s41465-019-00149-0
Shoemaker, L. N., Wilson, L. C., Lucas, S. J. E., Machado, L., Thomas, K. N., & Cotter, J. D. (2019). Swimming-related effects on cerebrovascular and cognitive function. Physiological Reports, 7(20), e14247. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14247
Chapter in Book - Research
Rafal, R., Machado, L., Ro, T., & Ingle, H. (2000). Looking forward to looking: Saccade preparation and control of the visual grasp reflex. In S. Monsell & J. Driver (Eds.), Control of cognitive processes: Attention and performance XVIII. (pp. 155-173). Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press.
Journal - Research Article
Guiney, H., Lucas, S. J. E., Cotter, J. D., & Machado, L. (2019). Investigating links between habitual physical activity, cerebrovascular function, and cognitive control in healthy older adults. Neuropsychologia, 125, 62-69. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.01.011
Shoemaker, L. N., Wilson, L. C., Lucas, S. J. E., Machado, L., Thomas, K. N., & Cotter, J. D. (2019). Swimming-related effects on cerebrovascular and cognitive function. Physiological Reports, 7(20), e14247. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14247
White, N., Naldoza-Drake, P., Black, K., Scullion, L., & Machado, L. (2019). Can improving the nutritional content of bread enhance cognition? Cognitive outcomes from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1007/s41465-019-00149-0
Stenling, A., Moylan, A., Fulton, E., & Machado, L. (2019). Effects of a brief stair-climbing intervention on cognitive performance and mood states in healthy young adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2300. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02300
Machado, L., & Devine, A. (2019). Endogenous modulation of compatibility effects: An investigation into the temporal dynamics. Visual Cognition. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13506285.2019.1611684
White, N., Forsyth, B., Lee, A., & Machado, L. (2018). Repeated computerized cognitive testing: Performance shifts and test–retest reliability in healthy young adults. Psychological Assessment, 30(4), 539-549. doi: 10.1037/pas0000503
White, N., Flannery, L., McClintock, A., & Machado, L. (2018). Repeated computerized cognitive testing: Performance shifts and test–retest reliability in healthy older adults. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2018.1526888
Flannery, S. L., Jowett, T., Garvey, A., Cutfield, N. J., & Machado, L. (2018). Computerized testing in Parkinson's disease: Performance deficits in relation to standard clinical measures. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2018.1485880
Guiney, H., & Machado, L. (2018). Volunteering in the community: Potential benefits for cognitive aging. Journals of Gerontology Series B, 73(3), 399-408. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbx134
Guiney, H., Keall, M., & Machado, L. (2018). Physical activity prevalence and correlates among New Zealand older adults. Journal of Aging & Physical Activity, 26(1), 75-83. doi: 10.1123/japa.2016-0393
Machado, L., Thompson, L. M., & Brett, C. H. R. (2018). Visual analogue mood scale scores in healthy young versus older adults. International Psychogeriatrics. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1017/S1041610218000996
Chen, P. L., Stenling, A., & Machado, L. (2018). Evidence transcranial direct current stimulation can improve saccadic eye movement control in older adults. Vision, 2(4), 42. doi: 10.3390/vision2040042
Morton, S. E., O'Hare, K. J. M., Maha, J. L. K., Nicolson, M. P., Machado, L., Topless, R., Merriman, T. R., & Linscott, R. J. (2017). Testing the validity of taxonic schizotypy using genetic and environmental risk variables. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 43(3), 633-643. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbw108
Brett, C. H. R., & Machado, L. (2017). Manual versus saccadic assessment of cognitive inhibition and switching in young and older adults. Psychological Assessment, 29(11), 1420-1425. doi: 10.1037/pas0000453
Chen, P. L., & Machado, L. (2017). Developing clinically practical transcranial direct current stimulation protocols to improve saccadic eye movement control. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 10(3), 5. doi: 10.16910/jemr.10.3.5
Bierre, K. L., Lucas, S. J. E., Guiney, H., Cotter, J. D., & Machado, L. (2017). Cognitive difficulty intensifies age-related changes in anterior frontal hemodynamics: Novel evidence from near-infrared spectroscopy. Journals of Gerontology Series A, 72(2), 181-188. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw061
Chen, P. L., & Machado, L. (2016). Age-related deficits in voluntary control over saccadic eye movements: Consideration of electrical brain stimulation as a therapeutic strategy. Neurobiology of Aging, 41, 53-63. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.02.010
Forsyth, B., Machado, L., Jowett, T., Jakobi, H., Garbe, K., Winter, H., & Glue, P. (2016). Effects of low dose ibogaine on subjective mood state and psychological performance. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 189, 10-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.022
Cameron, T. A., Lucas, S. J. E., & Machado, L. (2015). Near-infrared spectroscopy reveals link between chronic physical activity and anterior frontal oxygenated hemoglobin in healthy young women. Psychophysiology, 52(5), 609-617. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12394
Guiney, H., Lucas, S. J., Cotter, J. D., & Machado, L. (2015). Evidence cerebral blood-flow regulation mediates exercise-cognition links in healthy young adults. Neuropsychology, 29(1), 1-9. doi: 10.1037/neu0000124
Bos, H., & Machado, L. (2013). Aging delays strategic modulation of the fixation reflex. Psychology & Aging, 28(3), 796-801. doi: 10.1037/a0032015
Guiney, H., & Machado, L. (2013). Benefits of regular aerobic exercise for executive functioning in healthy populations. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(1), 73-86. doi: 10.3758/s13423-012-0345-4
Wyatt, N., & Machado, L. (2013). Evidence inhibition responds reactively to the salience of distracting information during focused attention. PLoS ONE, 8(4), e62809. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062809
Machado, L., Guiney, H., & Struthers, P. (2013). Identity-based inhibitory processing during focused attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(1), 138-159. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2012.701651
Wyatt, N., & Machado, L. (2013). Distractor inhibition: Principles of operation during selective attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 39(1), 245-256. doi: 10.1037/a0027922
Murray, J. E., Machado, L., & Knight, B. (2011). Race and gender of faces can be ignored. Psychological Research, 75(4), 324-333. doi: 10.1007/s00426-010-0310-7
Machado, L., Guiney, H., & Mitchell, A. (2011). Famous faces demand attention due to reduced inhibitory processing. PLoS ONE, 6(5), e20544. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020544
Machado, L., Devine, A., & Wyatt, N. (2009). Distractibility with advancing age and Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychologia, 47(7), 1756-1764. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.02.018
van Koningsbruggen, M. G., Pender, T., Machado, L., & Rafal, R. D. (2009). Impaired control of the oculomotor reflexes in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychologia, 47(13), 2909-2915. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.06.018
Arend, I., Machado, L., Ward, R., McGrath, M., Ro, T., & Rafal, R. D. (2008). The role of the human pulvinar in visual attention and action: Evidence from temporal-order judgement, saccade decision, and antisaccade tasks. Progress in Brain Research, 171, 475-483. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00669-9
Machado, L., Wyatt, N., Devine, A., & Knight, B. (2007). Action planning in the presence of distracting stimuli: An investigation into the time course of distractor effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 33(5), 1045-1061.
Marí-Beffa, P., Hayes, A. E., Machado, L., & Hindle, J. V. (2005). Lack of inhibition in Parkinson's disease: Evidence from a lexical decision task. Neuropsychologia, 43, 638-646.
Kellman, P. J., Garrigan, P., Shipley, T. F., Yin, C., & Machado, L. (2005). 3-D interpolation in object perception: Evidence from an objective performance paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 31(3), 558-583.
Machado, L., & Franz, E. (2004). Effects of unilateral distractors: A comparison of eye movement and key press responses. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 57(7), 1173-1190.
Machado, L., & Rafal, R. D. (2004). Control of fixation and saccades during an anti-saccade task: An investigation in humans with chronic lesions of oculomotor cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 156, 55-63.
Machado, L., & Rafal, R. D. (2004). Control of fixation and saccades in humans with chronic lesions of oculomotor cortex. Neuropsychology, 18(1), 115-123.
Machado, L., & Rafal, R. D. (2004). Inhibition of return generated by voluntary saccades is independent of attentional momentum. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 57A(5), 789-796.
Rafal, R., McGrath, M., Machado, L., & Hindle, J. (2004). Effects of lesions of the human posterior thalamus on ocular fixation during voluntary and visually triggered saccades. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 75, 1602-1606.
Ro, T., Machado, L., Kanwisher, N., & Rafal, R. D. (2002). Covert orienting to the locations of targets and distractors: Effects on response channel activation in a flanker task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 55A(3), 917-936.
Muller, N. G., Machado, L., & Knight, R. T. (2002). Contributions of subregions of the prefrontal cortex to working memory: Evidence from brain lesions in humans. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14(5), 673-686. doi: 10.1162/08989290260138582
Dodds, C., Machado, L., Rafal, R., & Ro, T. (2002). A temporal/nasal asymmetry for blindsight in a localisation task: Evidence for extrageniculate mediation. NeuroReport, 13(5), 655-658.
Rafal, R., Danziger, S., Grossi, G., Machado, L., & Ward, R. (2002). Visual detection is gated by attending for action: Evidence from hemispatial neglect. PNAS, 99(25), 16371-16375. doi: 10.1073/pnas.252309099
Machado, L., & Rafal, R. (2000). Control of eye movement reflexes. Experimental Brain Research, 135, 73-80.
Suwazono, S., Machado, L., & Knight, R. T. (2000). Predictive value of novel stimuli modifies visual event-related potentials and behavior. Clinical Neurophysiology, 111, 29-39.
Machado, L., & Rafal, R. D. (2000). Strategic control over saccadic eye movements: Studies of the fixation offset effect. Perception & Psychophysics, 62(6), 1236-1242.
Journal - Research Other
Hurley, R., & Machado, L. (2018). Using transcranial direct current stimulation to improve verbal working memory: A detailed review of the methodology. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 40(8), 790-804. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2018.1434133
Hurley, R., & Machado, L. (2017). Using tDCS priming to improve brain function: Can metaplasticity provide the key to boosting outcomes? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 83, 155-159. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.029
Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract
Shoemaker, L. N., Wilson, L. C., Lucas, S. J. E., Machado, L., & Cotter, J. D. (2018). Delineation of swimming-related effects on cerebral blood flow velocity. New Zealand Journal of Sport & Exercise Science, 1.2, 21. [Abstract]
Shoemaker, L. N., Wilson, L. C., Lucas, S. J. E., Machado, L., & Cotter, J. D. (2018). Is cognition related to arterial CO2 and cerebral blood flow reactivity to exercise? New Zealand Journal of Sport & Exercise Science, 1.2, 61. [Abstract]
