Professor Simon Hales

2025

Journal - Research Article

Yang, Z., Huang, W., McKenzie, J. E., Xu, R., Yu, P., Wu, Y., … Hales, S., … Li, S. (2025). Hospitalization risks associated with floods in a multi-country study. Nature Water, 3(5), 561-570. doi: 10.1038/s44221-025-00425-8

Neale, P. J., Hylander, S., Banaszak, A. T., Häder, D.-P., Rose, K. C., Vione, D., … Hales, S., … Zepp, R. G. (2025). Environmental consequences of interacting effects of changes in stratospheric ozone, ultraviolet radiation, and climate: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2024. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1007/s43630-025-00687-x

Pourzand, F., Kim, A. H. M., Chambers, T., Grout, L., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2025). Examining campylobacteriosis disease notification rates: Association with water supply characteristics. Environmental Research, 271, 121064. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121064

Prickett, M., Hales, S., Wilson, N., Kerr, J., Chambers, T., Grout, L., & Baker, M. G. (2025). Media discourse on drinking water before and after a major campylobacteriosis outbreak in New Zealand. International Journal of Water Resources Development. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/07900627.2024.2441814

Journal - Research Other

Baker, M., Kerr, J., Hales, S., & Chapman, R. (2025). Earth Overshoot Day: Should Aotearoa New Zealand be more like Uruguay? The Briefing, (30 April). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/earth-overshoot-day-should-aotearoa-new-zealand-be-more-uruguay

Pourzand, F., Chambers, T., Hales, S., & Baker, M. (2025). Unsafe waters: The hidden Campylobacter infection risk in rural New Zealand. The Briefing, (10 April). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/unsafe-waters-hidden-campylobacter-infection-risk-rural-new-zealand

Journal - Professional & Other Non-Research Articles

Baker, M., Kerr, J., Broadbent, A., Hales, S., Prickett, M., & Wilson, N. (2025). Communicating public health evidence: Two highly productive years for the PHCC. The Briefing, (10 February). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/communicating-public-health-evidence-two-highly-productive-years-phcc

2024

Journal - Research Article

Xu, R., Ye, T., Huang, W., Yue, X., Morawska, L., Abramson, M. J., … Hales, S., … on behalf of the Multi-Country Multi-City Collaborative Research Network. (2024). Global, regional, and national mortality burden attributable to air pollution from landscape fires: A health impact assessment study. Lancet. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02251-7

Wen, B., Ademi, Z., Wu, Y., Xu, R., Yu, P., Liu, Y., … Hales, S., … Li, S. (2024). Non-optimum temperatures led to labour productivity burden by causing premature deaths: A multi-country study. Environment International, 193, 109096. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109096

Lai, H., Lee, J. E., Harrington, L. J., Ahuriri-Driscoll, A., Newport, C., Bolton, A., … Hales, S. (2024). Daily temperatures and child hospital admissions in Aotearoa New Zealand: Case time series analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 21, 1236. Advance online publication. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21091236

Huang, W., Vogt, T., Park, J., Yang, Z., Ritchie, E. A., Xu, R., … Hales, S., … Guo, Y. (2024). Risks of infectious disease hospitalisations in the aftermath of tropical cyclones: A multi-country time-series study. Lancet Public Health, 8, e629-e639. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00158-X

Zhang, Y., Xu, R., Huang, W., Morawska, L., Johnston, F. H., Abramson, M., … Hales, S., … Li, S. (2024). Short-term exposure to wildfire-specific PM_2.5 and diabetes hospitalization: A study in multiple countries and territories. Diabetes Care, 47(9), 1664-1672. doi: 10.2337/dc24-0703

Chua, P. L. C., Tobias, A., Madaniyazi, L., Ng, C. F. S., Phung, V. L. H., Fu, S. H., … Hales, S., & Hashizume, M. (2024). Association between precipitation and mortality due to diarrheal diseases by climate zone: A multi-country modeling study. Environmental Epidemiology, 8, e320. doi: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000320

Zhang, Y., Xu, R., Huang, W., Morawska, L., Johnston, F. H., Abramson, M., … Hales, S., … Li, S. (2024). Short-term exposure to wildfire-specific PM_2.5 and hospitalization for diabetes morbidity: A study in multiple countries and territories. Diabetes Care, 47(9), 1664-1672. doi: 10.2337/dc24-0703

Hundessa, S., Huang, W., Zhao, Q., Wu, Y., Wen, B., Alahmad, B., … Hales, S., … the MCC Collaborators. (2024). Global and regional cardiovascular mortality attributable to nonoptimal temperatures over time. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 83(23), 2276-2287. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.03.425

Grout, L., Hales, S., Baker, M. G., French, N., & Wilson, N. (2024). Severe weather events and cryptosporidiosis in Aotearoa New Zealand: A case series of space-time clusters. Epidemiology & Infection, 152, e64. doi: 10.1017/S095026882400058X

Yu, W., Xu, R., Ye, T., Abramson, M. J., Morawska, L., Jalaludin, B., … Hales, S., … Guo, Y. (2024). Estimates of global mortality burden associated with short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2·5). Lancet Planetary Health, 8, e146-e155. doi: 10.1016/s2542-5196(24)00003-2

Huang, W., Yang, Z., Zhang, Y., Vogt, T., Armstrong, B., Yu, W., … Hales, S., Pourzand, F., … and MCC Collaborators. (2024). Tropical cyclone-specific mortality risks and the periods of concern: A multicountry time-series study. PLoS Medicine, 21(1), e1004341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004341

Journal - Research Other

Prickett, M., Canning, A., Chambers, T., Baker, M., & Hales, S. (2024). Regulator failure on nitrate in drinking water dumps escalating costs on those downstream. The Briefing, (27 September). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/regulator-failure-nitrate-drinking-water-dumps-escalating-costs-those-downstream

Hales, S., Prickett, M., Kerr, J., Walton, S., Sims, R., & Baker, M. (2024). Proposed Emissions Reduction Plan: A weak response to a weak target. The Briefing, (20 August). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/proposed-emissions-reduction-plan-weak-response-weak-target

Pourzand, F., Prickett, M., Baker, M., & Hales, S. (2024). Clean ups are not enough: Government policy incoherent on climate change. The Briefing, (10 July). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/clean-ups-are-not-enough-government-policy-incoherent-climate-change

Grout, L., Hales, S., Baker, M., French, N., Prickett, M., & Wilson, N. (2024). Severe weather events linked to outbreaks of crypto in Aotearoa: New study. The Briefing, (27 May). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/severe-weather-events-linked-outbreaks-crypto-aotearoa-new-study

Prickett, M., Hales, S., Chambers, T., Baker, M., & Wilson, N. (2024). Another Havelock North? Govt undoing protections for drinking water safety. The Briefing, (7 May). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/another-havelock-north-govt-undoing-protections-drinking-water-safety

Prickett, M., Reuvecamp, I., Hales, S., & Baker, M. (2024). Fast-track Bill puts NZ on wrong track, threatening public health. The Briefing, (2 April). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/fast-track-bill-puts-nz-wrong-track-threatening-public-health

Royal, H., Mannetje, A., Hales, S., Douwes, J., Berry, M., & Chambers, T. (2024). Nitrate in drinking water and pregnancy outcomes: A narrative review of epidemiological evidence and proposed biological mechanisms. PLoS Water, 3(1), e0000214. doi: 10.1371/journal.pwat.0000214

Journal - Professional & Other Non-Research Articles

Baker, M., Kerr, J., Broadbent, A., Hales, S., Rawson-Te Patu, E., Prickett, M., Edwards, R., Cleghorn, C., & Wilson, N. (2024). Communicating public health evidence: A successful first year for the PHCC. The Briefing, (9 February). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/communicating-public-health-evidence-successful-first-year-phcc

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Pourzand, F., Hales, S., & Chambers, T. (2024). Associations between local 30-day averages of weather variables and notifications of Shiga toxin-producing E.coli in Aotearoa New Zealand 2010-2019. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE). doi: 10.1289/isee.2024.1704

Lai, H., Lee, J. E., Hales, S., & the Health Research Council Grant Project Team. (2024). Spatial patterns of heat exposure and child hospital admissions in Aotearoa New Zealand. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE). doi: 10.1289/isee.2024.1869

2023

Journal - Research Article

Pourzand, F., Bolton, A., Salter, C., Hales, S., & Woodward, A. (2023). Health and climate change: Adaptation policy in Aotearoa New Zealand. Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific, 40, 100954. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100954

Prickett, M., Chambers, T., & Hales, S. (2023). When the first barrier fails: Public health and policy implications of nitrate contamination of a municipal drinking water source in Aotearoa New Zealand. Australasian Journal of Water Resources. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13241583.2023.2272324

Huang, W., Li, S., Vogt, T., Xu, R., Tong, S., Molina, T., … Hales, S., … Guo, Y. (2023). Global short-term mortality risk and burden associated with tropical cyclones from 1980 to 2019: A multi-country time-series study. Lancet Planetary Health, 7(8). doi: 10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00143-2

Grout, L., Chambers, T., Hales, S., Prickett, M., Baker, M. G., & Wilson, N. (2023). The potential human health hazard of nitrates in drinking water: A media discourse analysis in a high-income country. Environmental Health, 22, 9. doi: 10.1186/s12940-023-00960-5

Graham, F. F., Kim, A. H. M., Baker, M. G., Fyfe, C., & Hales, S. (2023). Associations between meteorological factors, air pollution and Legionnaires' disease in New Zealand: Time series analysis. Atmospheric Environment, 296, 119572. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119572

Ammar, S. E., McIntyre, M., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2023). New Zealand travellers to high-risk destinations for arbovirus infection make little effort to avoid mosquito bites. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 53(2), 209-218. doi: 10.1080/03036758.2022.2071951

Journal - Research Other

Prickett, M., Macmillan, A., Wilson, N., Shaw, C., Cleghorn, C., Baker, M., & Hales, S. (2023). The policy bonfire of environment protection: 10 examples that threaten public health. The Briefing, (15 December). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/policy-bonfire-environment-protection-10-examples-threaten-public-health

Baker, M., Prickett, M., Pourzand, F., Kerr, J., & Hales, S. (2023). Queenstown outbreak highlights future challenges for clean drinking water. The Briefing, (29 September). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/queenstown-outbreak-highlights-future-challenges-clean-drinking-water

Baker, M., Broadbent, A., Kerr, J., Prickett, M., Hales, S., & Wilson, N. (2023). More courage needed from our political parties: Reviewing our election series. The Briefing, (18 September). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/more-courage-needed-our-political-parties-reviewing-our-election-series

Prickett, M., Chambers, T., Wilson, N., Baker, M., Broadbent, A., Kerr, J., & Hales, S. (2023). Where do the parties stand? Protecting water sources and drinking water quality. The Briefing, (28 August). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/where-do-parties-stand-protecting-water-sources-and-drinking-water-quality

Prickett, M., Broadbent, A., Wilson, N., Baker, M., & Hales, S. (2023). Emphasis on indigenous forests in ETS would benefit public health. The Briefing, (1 August). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/emphasis-indigenous-forests-ets-would-benefit-public-health

Prickett, M., Joy, M., Chambers, T., Baker, M., & Hales, S. (2023). New report shows how regional plans could transform freshwater quality. The Briefing, (8 June). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/new-report-shows-how-regional-plans-could-transform-freshwater-quality

Prickett, M., Chambers, T., Kerr, J., Baker, M., & Hales, S. (2023). When the first barrier fails: Strengthening protection for drinking water sources. The Briefing, (14 March). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/when-first-barrier-fails-strengthening-protection-drinking-water-sources

Woodward, A., Kerr, J., & Hales, S. (2023). Adaptation important but don't give up on mitigation: What the new IPCC report means for Aotearoa. The Briefing, (21 March). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/adaptation-important-dont-give-mitigation-what-new-ipcc-report-means-aotearoa

Baker, M., Wilson, N., Hales, S., Kerr, J., Broadbent, A., & Wall, T. (2023). Why Aotearoa New Zealand needs a Public Health Communication Centre. The Briefing, (9 February). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/why-aotearoa-new-zealand-needs-public-health-communication-centre

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Pourzand, F., & Hales, S. (2023). Impacts of extreme weather events on enteric infectious disease outbreaks: Evidence from New Zealand. Population Medicine, 5(Suppl.), (pp. 91). doi: 10.18332/popmed/165758

2022

Journal - Research Article

Graham, F. F., Finn, N., White, P., Hales, S., & Baker, M. G. (2022). Global perspective of Legionella infection in community-acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 19, 1907. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031907

Chambers, T., Joy, M., Wilson, N., Hales, S., & Baker, M. (2022). Quantifying the nitrate levels in bottled water in New Zealand. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 46(3), 322-324. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.13196

Richards, J., Chambers, T., Hales, S., Joy, M., Radu, T., Woodward, A., Humphrey, A., Randal, E., & Baker, M. G. (2022). Nitrate contamination in drinking water and colorectal cancer: Exposure assessment and estimated health burden in New Zealand. Environmental Research, 204, 112322. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112322

Journal - Research Other

Chambers, T., Wilson, N., Hales, S., Prickett, M., Ellison, E., & Baker, M. G. (2022). Beyond muddy waters: Three Waters reforms required to future-proof water service delivery and protect public health in Aotearoa New Zealand. New Zealand Medical Journal, 135(1566), 87-95. Retrieved from https://journal.nzma.org.nz/

Chambers, T., Douwes, J., Mannetje, A., Woodward, A., Baker, M., Wilson, N., & Hales, S. (2022). Nitrate in drinking water and cancer risk: The biological mechanism, epidemiological evidence and future research. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 46(2), 105-108. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.13222

Other Research Output

Kerr, J., Wilson, N., Hales, S. (2022, July). Air pollution in Aotearoa NZ: Five key ways to reduce the massive health and social costs. Public Health Expert blog. Retrieved from https://blogs.otago.ac.nz/pubhealthexpert/air-pollution-in-aotearoa-nz-five-key-ways-to-reduce-the-massive-health-and-social-costs/

Chambers, T., Wilson, N., Hales, S., Prickett, M., Baker, M. (2022, July). Three Waters reforms are needed to protect public health and ensure changes are economically sustainable and efficient. Public Health Expert blog. Retrieved from https://blogs.otago.ac.nz/pubhealthexpert/three-waters-reforms-are-needed-to-protect-public-health-and-ensure-changes-are-economically-sustainable-and-efficient/

2021

Journal - Research Article

Hales, S., Atkinson, J., Metcalfe, J., Kuschel, G., & Woodward, A. (2021). Long term exposure to air pollution, mortality and morbidity in New Zealand: Cohort study. Science of the Total Environment, 801, 149660. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149660

Chua, P. L. C., Huber, V., Ng, C. F. S., Seposo, X. T., Madaniyazi, L., Hales, S., Woodward, A., & Hashizume, M. (2021). Global projections of temperature-attributable mortality due to enteric infections: A modelling study. Lancet Planetary Health, 5, e436-e445. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00152-2

Ye, T., Guo, S., Xie, Y., Chen, Z., Abramson, M. J., Heyworth, J., Hales, S., … Li, S. (2021). Health and related economic benefits associated with reduction in air pollution during COVID-19 outbreak in 367 cities in China. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety, 222, 112481. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112481

Ammar, S. E., McIntyre, M., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2021). Imported arboviral infections in New Zealand, 2001 to 2017: A risk factor for local transmission. Travel Medicine & Infectious Disease, 41, 102047. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102047

Journal - Research Other

Chambers, T., Hales, S., & Anglemyer, A. (2021). Correction: Nitrate-nitrite exposure through drinking water and diet and risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Clinical Nutrition, 40, 5443-5444. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.09.027

Chambers, T., Hales, S., Shaw, C., Baker, M., Ball, J., Cleghorn, C., & Wilson, N. (2021). New Zealand's Climate Change Commission report: The critical need to address the missing health co-benefits of reducing emissions. New Zealand Medical Journal, 134(1542), 109-118. Retrieved from https://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Other Research Output

Chambers, T., Hales, S., Ball, J., Baker, M., Cleghorn, C., & Wilson, N. (2021). Health co-benefits need to be adequately considered in the Climate Change Commission's final advice. The Briefing, (20 June). Retrieved from https://www.phcc.org.nz/briefing/health-co-benefits-need-be-adequately-considered-climate-change-commissions-final-advice

2020

Journal - Research Article

Lai, H., Hales, S., Woodward, A., Walker, C., Marks, E., Pillai, A., … Morton, S. M. (2020). Effects of heavy rainfall on waterborne disease hospitalizations among young children in wet and dry areas of New Zealand. Environment International, 145, 106136. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106136

Tuyet Hanh, T. T., Huong, L. T. T., Huong, N. T. L., Linh, T. N. Q., Quyen, N. H., Nhung, N. T. T., … Hales, S., … Van Minh, H. (2020). Vietnam Climate Change and Health Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment, 2018. Environmental Health Insights, 14, 1-11. doi: 10.1177/1178630220924658

Graham, F. F., Hales, S., White, P. S., & Baker, M. G. (2020). Global seroprevalence of legionellosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports, 10, 7337. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63740-y

Journal - Research Other

Hess, J. J., Ranadive, N., Boyer, C., Aleksandrowicz, L., Anenberg, S. C., Aunan, K., … Hales, S., … Ebi, K. L. (2020). Guidelines for modeling and reporting health effects of climate change mitigation actions. Environmental Health Perspectives, 128(11), 115001. doi: 10.1289/ehp6745

Grout, L., Baker, M. G., French, N., & Hales, S. (2020). A review of potential public health impacts associated with the global dairy sector. GeoHealth, 4, e2019GH000213. doi: 10.1029/2019GH000213

2019

Journal - Research Article

Ammar, S. E., McIntyre, M., Swan, T., Kasper, J., Derraik, J. G. B., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2019). Intercepted mosquitoes at New Zealand's ports of entry, 2001 to 2018: Current status and future concerns. Tropical Medicine & Infectious Disease, 4(3), 101. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed4030101

Journal - Research Other

Hales, S. (2019). Climate change, extreme rainfall events, drinking water and enteric disease. Reviews on Environmental Health, 34(1), 1-3. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2019-2001

Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)

Ammar, S. E., McIntyre, M., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2019, December). Increasing risk of imported arboviral infections in New Zealand, 2001 to 2017. Poster session presented at the 5th One Health Aotearoa (OHA) Symposium, Wellington, New Zealand.

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Grout, L., French, N., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2019, December). Zoonotic diseases, livestock densities, social and environmental factors in New Zealand. Verbal presentation at the 5th One Health Aotearoa (OHA) Symposium, Wellington, New Zealand.

Ammar, S. E., McIntyre, M., Swan, T., Kasper, J., Derraik, J. G. B., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2019, December). Intercepted mosquitoes at New Zealand's ports of entry, 2001 to 2018: Current status and future concerns. Verbal presentation at the 5th One Health Aotearoa (OHA) Symposium, Wellington, New Zealand.

2018

Journal - Research Article

Schnitter, R., Verret, M., Berry, P., Fook, T. C. T., Hales, S., Lal, A., & Edwards, S. (2018). An assessment of climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation in Dominica. International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 16(1), 70. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16010070

Allan, P. D., Palmer, C., Chan, F., Lyons, R., Nicholson, O., Rose, M., Hales, S., & Baker, M. G. (2018). Food safety labelling of chicken to prevent campylobacteriosis: Consumer expectations and current practices. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 414. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5322-z

Shaw, C., Hales, S., Edwards, R., Howden-Chapman, P., & Stanley, J. (2018). What can fuel price increases tell us about the air pollution health co-benefits of a carbon price? Journal of Transport & Health, 8, 81-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jth.2017.11.002

Lal, A., Marshall, J., Benschop, J., Brock, A., Hales, S., Baker, M. G., & French, N. P. (2018). A Bayesian spatio-temporal framework to identify outbreaks and examine environmental and social risk factors for infectious diseases monitored by routine surveillance. Spatial & Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, 25, 39-48. doi: 10.1016/j.sste.2017.10.004

Journal - Research Other

Grout, L., Hales, S., French, N., & Baker, M. G. (2018). A review of methods for assessing the environmental health impacts of an agricultural system. International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 15, 1315. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071315

Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)

Ammar, S., McIntyre, M., Baker, M., & Hales, S. (2018, December). Arbovirus vector mosquitoes intercepted at New Zealand ports of entry, 2001 to 2018. Poster session presented at the 4th One Health Aotearoa (OHA) Symposium, Wellington, New Zealand.

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Grout, L., Hales, S., French, N., & Baker, M. G. (2018, December). Dairy cattle exposure and zoonotic disease in New Zealand. Verbal presentation at the 4th One Health Aotearoa (OHA) Symposium, Wellington, New Zealand.

Working Paper; Discussion Paper; Technical Report

Lloyd, S. J., & Hales, S. (2018). Challenges and gaps in assessing impacts of climate change on health in rural areas: Background paper for Expert Group Meeting on Eradicating Rural Poverty to Implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 28p. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/egm-rural-poverty.html/

2017

Journal - Research Article

Lal, A., Hashizume, M., & Hales, S. (2017). Indian Ocean Dipole and cryptosporidiosis in Australia: Short-term and nonlinear associations. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(14), 8119-8127. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05146

Journal - Research Other

Swinburn, B., Vandevijvere, S., on behalf of submitting health professors, including Hornblow, A., Taylor, B., Drummond, B., Murdoch, D., Mangin, D., Sarfati, D., Sellman, D., Sopoaga, F., Thomson, G., Abel, G., Hoek, J., Connor, J., Krebs, J., Mann, J., McCall, J., Broughton, J., Toop, L., Signal, L., Beckert, L., Farella, M., Baker, M., Keall, M., Skeaff, M., Thomson, M., Wilson, N., Chandler, N., Priest, P., Brunton, P., Crampton, P., Gendall, P., Howden-Chapman, P., Taylor, R., Edwards, R., Gauld, R., McGee, R., Mulder, R., Derrett, S., Hales, S., Pullon, S., & Blakely, T. (2017). Proposed new industry code on unhealthy food marketing to children and young people: Will it make a difference? New Zealand Medical Journal, 130(1450), 94-101. Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Hales, S. (2017). One earth, one health? Proceedings of the 3rd One Health Aotearoa Symposium. Retrieved from https://onehealth.org.nz

Shaw, C., Hales, S., Edwards, R., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2017). Health co-benefits of policies to mitigate climate change in the transport sector: Systematic review. Journal of Transport & Health, 5(Suppl.), (pp. S107-S108). doi: 10.1016/j.jth.2017.05.268

2016

Chapter in Book - Research

Butler, C. D., Hales, S., Beggs, P. J., & Ebi, K. L. (2016). From Paris towards 1.5 degrees C. In C. D. Butler (Ed.), Climate change and global health. (Revised reprint ed.) (pp. 293-305). Wallingford, UK: CABI International.

Chapter in Book - Other

Bambrick, H., & Hales, S. (2016). Dengue: Distribution and transmission dynamics with climate change. In Climate change and global health. (Revised reprint ed.) (pp. 77-84). Wallingford, UK: CABI International.

Journal - Research Article

Lal, A., Dobbins, T., Bagheri, N., Baker, M. G., French, N. P., & Hales, S. (2016). Cryptosporidiosis risk in New Zealand children under 5 years old is greatest in areas with high dairy cattle densities. EcoHealth, 13(4), 652-660. doi: 10.1007/s10393-016-1187-8

McIver, L., Kim, R., Woodward, A., Hales, S., Spickett, J., Katscherian, D., … Ebi, K. L. (2016). Health impacts of climate change in Pacific Island countries: A regional assessment of vulnerabilities and adaption priorities. Environmental Health Perspectives, 124(11), 1707-1714. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1509756

Hales, S., Lesher-Trevino, A., Ford, N., Maher, D., Ramsey, A., & Tran, N. (2016). Reporting guidelines for implementation and operational research. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 94, 58-64. doi: 10.2471/BLT.15.167585

Lal, A., Hales, S., Kirk, M., Baker, M. G., & French, N. P. (2016). Spatial and temporal variation in the association between temperature and salmonellosis in NZ. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 40(2), 165-169. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12413

2015

Journal - Research Article

Pega, F., Shaw, C., Rasanathan, K., Yablonski, J., Kawachi, I., & Hales, S. (2015). Climate change, cash transfers and health. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 93(8), 559-565. doi: 10.2471/BLT.14.150037

Telfar Barnard, L. F., Baker, M. G., Hales, S., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2015). Novel use of three administrative datasets to establish a cohort for environmental health research. BMC Public Health, 15, 246. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1580-1

Lal, A., Lill, A. W. T., McIntyre, M., Hales, S., Baker, M. G., & French, N. P. (2015). Environmental change and enteric zoonoses in New Zealand: A systematic review of the evidence. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 39(1), 63-68. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12274

Lal, A., & Hales, S. (2015). Heterogeneity in hotspots: Spatio-temporal patterns in neglected parasitic diseases. Epidemiology & Infection, 143(03), 631-639. doi: 10.1017/s0950268814001101

2014

Chapter in Book - Research

Bambrick, H., & Hales, S. (2014). Dengue: Distribution and transmission dynamics with climate change. In C. D. Butler (Ed.), Climate change and global health. (pp. 77-84). Abingdon, UK: CAB International.

Journal - Research Article

Bennett, H., Jones, R., Keating, G., Woodward, A., Hales, S., & Metcalfe, S. (2014). Health and equity impacts of climate change in Aotearoa-New Zealand, and health gains from climate action [Special article]. New Zealand Medical Journal, 127(1406). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Xiang, F., Lucas, R., Hales, S., & Neale, R. (2014). Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in relation to ambient UV radiation in white populations, 1978-2012: Empirical relationships. JAMA Dermatology, 150(10), 1063-1071. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.762

Shaw, C., Hales, S., Howden-Chapman, P., & Edwards, R. (2014). Health co-benefits of climate change mitigation policies in the transport sector. Nature Climate Change, 4(6), 427-433. doi: 10.1038/nclimate2247

Honda, Y., Kondo, M., McGregor, G., Kim, H., Guo, Y.-L., Hijioka, Y., … Hales, S., & Kovats, R. S. (2014). Heat-related mortality risk model for climate change impact projection. Environmental Health & Preventive Medicine, 19(1), 56-63. doi: 10.1007/s12199-013-0354-6

Journal - Research Other

Woodward, A., & Hales, S. (2014). The past and future of coal. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 38(2), 103-104. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12215

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Telfar Barnard, L., Baker, M., Hales, S., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2014). New Zealand excess winter hospitalisation: An opportunity for disease prevention? Proceedings of the New Zealand Population Health Congress: Connecting Communities, Policy and Science. (pp. 311). Retrieved from http://www.pophealthcongress.org.nz/nzphc14/programme/programme

Shaw, C., Hales, S., Howden-Chapman, P., & Edwards, R. (2014). Health co-benefits of policies to mitigate climate change in the transport sector: Systematic review. Proceedings of the New Zealand Population Health Congress: Connecting Communities, Policy and Science. (pp. 115). Retrieved from http://www.pophealthcongress.org.nz/nzphc14/programme/programme

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Hales, S. (2014, November). Climate change vulnerability and adaptation assessments in Asia-Pacific countries. Verbal presentation at the 7th Annual Otago International Health Research Network (OIHRN) Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Commissioned Report for External Body

Hales, S., Kovats, S., Lloyd, S., & Campbell-Lendrum, D. (2014). Quantitative risk assessment of the effects of climate change on selected causes of death, 2030s and 2050s. Commissioned by World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. 115p.

2013

Journal - Research Article

Lal, A., Ikeda, T., French, N., Baker, M. G., & Hales, S. (2013). Climate variability, weather and enteric disease incidence in new Zealand: Time series analysis. PLoS ONE, 8(12), e83484. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083484

O'Sullivan, K. C., Howden-Chapman, P. L., Stanley, J., & Hales, S. (2013). Kids in the cold: Outcomes for New Zealand households with children using prepayment metering for electricity. New Zealand Medical Journal, 126(1371). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Lal, A., Baker, M. G., Hales, S., & French, N. P. (2013). Potential effects of global environmental changes on cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis transmission. Trends in Parasitology, 29(2), 83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2012.10.005

O'Sullivan, K. C., Howden-Chapman, P. L., Fougere, G. M., Hales, S., & Stanley, J. (2013). Empowered? Examining self-disconnection in a postal survey of electricity prepayment meter consumers in New Zealand. Energy Policy, 52, 277-287. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.09.020

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Cotterill, L., Kjellström, T., Hales, S., & Bierre, S. (2013). Exploring the experiences and responses of heat among workers in the sheep shearing industry [Minipaper]. In J. D. Cotter, S. J. E. Lucas & T. Mündel (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics (ICEE). (pp. 40-41). International Society for Environmental Ergonomics. [Full Paper]

2012

Journal - Research Article

Åström, C., Rocklöv, J., Hales, S., Béguin, A., Louis, V., & Sauerborn, R. (2012). Potential distribution of Dengue fever under scenarios of climate change and economic development. EcoHealth, 9(4), 448-454. doi: 10.1007/s10393-012-0808-0

Lal, A., Hales, S., French, N., & Baker, M. G. (2012). Seasonality in human zoonotic enteric diseases: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 7(4), e31883. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031883

Lal, A., Baker, M. G., French, N. P., Dufour, M., & Hales, S. (2012). The epidemiology of human salmonellosis in New Zealand, 1997-2008. Epidemiology & Infection, 140(9), 1685-1694. doi: 10.1017/s0950268811002470

Hales, S., Blakely, T., & Woodward, A. (2012). Air pollution and mortality in New Zealand: Cohort study. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 66(5), 468-473. doi: 10.1136/jech.2010.112490

Hales, S., Blakely, T., Foster, R. H., Baker, M. G., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2012). Seasonal patterns of mortality in relation to social factors. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 66, 379-384. doi: 10.1136/jech.2010.111864

Working Paper; Discussion Paper; Technical Report

Armenteras, D., Finlayson, C. M., Agard, J., Butchart, S. H. M., Carino, J., Cheung, W. W. L., … Hales, S., … Morales Rivas, M. (2012). Biodiversity. In Global Environment Outlook: Environment for the future we want. (pp. 133-166). United Nations Environment Program. [Report Contribution].

2011

Chapter in Book - Research

Hales, S., Lucas, R., & McMichael, A. J. (2011). Global environmental hazards. In B. S. Levy, D. H. Wegman, S. L. Baron & R. K. Sokas (Eds.), Occupational and environmental health: Recognizing and preventing disease and injury. (6th ed.) (pp. 98-118). New York: Oxford University Press.

Journal - Research Article

Béguin, A., Hales, S., Rocklöv, J., Åström, C., Louis, V. R., & Sauerborn, R. (2011). The opposing effects of climate change and socio-economic development on the global distribution of malaria. Global Environmental Change, 21(4), 1209-1214. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.06.001

Wilson, N., Slaney, D., Baker, M. G., Hales, S., & Britton, E. (2011). Climate change and infectious diseases in New Zealand: A brief review and tentative research agenda. Reviews on Environmental Health, 26(2), 93-99. doi: 10.1515/REVEH.2011.013

Journal - Research Other

Hales, S., & Edwards, R. (2011). Cardiovascular effects of exposure to air pollution: Causal pathways of toxicity may depend on the duration of exposure [Editorial]. BMJ, 343, d5814. doi: 10.1136/bmj.d5814

Longley, I., & Hales, S. (2011). Does health evidence support or undermine our regulatory approach to air quality? [Letter]. New Zealand Medical Journal, 124(1334). Retrieved from http://journal.nzma.org.nz/journal/124-1334/4649/content.pdf

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

van Kleef, E., Bambrick, H., & Hales, S. (2011). The global distribution of dengue: Past, present and future impacts of climate change. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 65(Suppl. 1), (pp. A324). doi: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976k.97

Telfar Barnard, L., Baker, M., Hales, S., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2011). Death and hospitalisation have different seasonality. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 65(Suppl. 1), (pp. A465). doi: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976q.11

2010

Journal - Research Article

Britton, E., Hales, S., Venugopal, K., & Baker, M. G. (2010). The impact of climate variability and change on cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis rates in New Zealand. Journal of Water & Health, 8(3), 561-571. doi: 10.2166/wh.2010.049

Britton, E., Hales, S., Venugopal, K., & Baker, M. G. (2010). Positive association between ambient temperature and salmonellosis notifications in New Zealand, 1965-2006. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 34(2), 126-129. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00495.x

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Hales, S. (2010, September). Forecasting weather and health. Verbal presentation at the Fourth Annual Division of Health Sciences Research Forum, Dunedin, New Zealand.

2009

Authored Book - Research

Analitis, A., Becker, P., Biggeri, A., Bouchama, A., De'Donato, F., D'Ippoliti, D., … Hales, S., … Wolf, T. (2009). Improving public health responses to extreme weather/heat-waves: EuroHEAT. Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization, 60p.

Journal - Research Article

Metcalfe, S., Woodward, A., Macmillan, A., Baker, M., Howden-Chapman, P., Lindsay, G., Hales, S., … Jaine, R., … Edwards, R., … for the New Zealand Climate and Health Group. (2009). Why New Zealand must rapidly halve its greenhouse gas emissions. New Zealand Medical Journal, 122(1304). Retrieved from http://journal.nzma.org.nz/journal/122-1304/3827/content.pdf

McMichael, A. J., Neira, M., Bertollini, R., Campbell-Lendrum, D., & Hales, S. (2009). Climate change: A time of need and opportunity for the health sector. Lancet, 374(9707), 2123-2125. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)62031-6

Markandya, A., Armstrong, B. G., Hales, S., Chiabai, A., Criqui, P., Mima, S., … Wilkinson, P. (2009). Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: Low-carbon electricity generation. Lancet, 374(9706), 2006-2015. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61715-3

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Mann, S., Baker, M., Hales, S., Kamalesh, V., Telfar Barnard, L., Zhang, J., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2009). Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in New Zealand is higher in winter in all disease subcategories. Heart, Lung & Circulation, 18(Suppl. 3), (pp. S256). doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2009.05.631

Mann, S., Baker, M., Hales, S., Kamalesh, V., Telfar Barnard, L., Zhang, J., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2009). Excess winter cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in New Zealand is seen in all disease subcategories. Heart, Lung & Circulation, 18(Suppl. 2), (pp. S21-S22). doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2009.04.050

2008

Edited Book - Research

Matthies, F., Bickler, G., Cardeñosa Marín, N., & Hales, S. (Eds.). (2008). Heat-Health action plans. Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organisation, 45p.

Journal - Research Article

Telfar Barnard, L. F., Baker, M. G., Hales, S., & Howden-Chapman, P. L. (2008). Excess winter morbidity and mortality: Do housing and socio-economic status have an effect? Reviews on Environmental Health, 23(3), 203-221.

Kingham, S., Fisher, G., Hales, S., Wilson, I., & Bartie, P. (2008). An empirical model for estimating census unit population exposure in areas lacking air quality monitoring. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 18(2), 200-210.

2007

Journal - Research Article

Cazelles, B., Chavez, M., de Magny, G. C., Guégan, J.-F., & Hales, S. (2007). Time-dependent spectral analysis of epidemiological time-series with wavelets. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 4(15), 625-636. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2007.0212

Hales, S., Baker, M., Howden-Chapman, P., Menne, B., Woodruff, R., & Woodward, A. (2007). Implications of global climate change for housing, human settlements and public health. Reviews on Environmental Health, 22(4), 295-302.

Davie, G. S., Baker, M. G., Hales, S., & Carlin, J. B. (2007). Trends and determinants of excess winter mortality in New Zealand: 1980 to 2000. BMC Public Health, 7, 263. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-263

Journal - Professional & Other Non-Research Articles

Hales, S., & Howden-Chapman, P. (2007). Effects of air pollution on health: Quantifying the effect alone is not enough to change policy and improve health. BMJ, 335, 314-315. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39304.389433.AD

2006

Chapter in Book - Research

McMichael, A. J., Hales, S., & Lucas, R. M. (2006). Global environmental changes. In B. S. Levy, D. H. Wegman, S. L. Baron & R. K. Sokas (Eds.), Occupational and environmental health: Recognizing and preventing disease and injury. (5th ed.) (pp. 451-470). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Journal - Research Article

Hales, S., & Corvalan, C. (2006). Public health emergency on planet earth: Insights from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. EcoHealth, 3(3), 130-135.

McMichael, A. J., Woodruff, R. E., & Hales, S. (2006). Climate change and human health: Present and future risks. Lancet, 367(11), 859-869. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68079-3

Cazelles, B., & Hales, S. (2006). Infectious diseases, climate influences, and nonstationarity. PLoS Medicine, 3(8), 1212-1213.

Journal - Research Other

Woodruff, R. E., McMichael, A. J., & Hales, S. (2006). Action on climate change: No time to delay [Editorial]. Medical Journal of Australia, 184(11), 539-540.

2005

Edited Book - Research

Howden-Chapman, P., Hales, S., Chapman, R., & Keskimäki, I. (Eds.). (2005). The impact of economic recession on youth suicide: A comparison of New Zealand and Finland. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Health, 33p. Retrieved from http://www.moh.govt.nz

Journal - Research Article

Kovats, R. S., Edwards, S. J., Charron, D., Cowden, J., D'Souza, R. M., Ebi, K. L., … Hales, S., … Schmid, H. (2005). Climate variability and campylobacter infection: An international study. International Journal of Biometeorology, 49(4), 207-214.

Hales, S. E., & van Panhuis, W. (2005). A new strategy for dengue control. Lancet, 365(9459), 551-552.

Cazelles, B., Chavez, M., McMichael, A. J., & Hales, S. E. (2005). Nonstationary influence of El Niño on the synchronous dengue epidemics in Thailand. PLoS Medicine, 2(4), e106. Retrieved from http://medicine.plosjournals.org/archive/1549-1676/2/4/pdf/10f

Blakely, T., Hales, S., Kieft, C., Wilson, N., & Woodward, A. (2005). The global distribution of risk factors by poverty level. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 83(2), 118-126.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Hales, S., Sabel, C. E., Exeter, D. J., Crane, J., & Woodward, A. (2005). Clustering of childhood asthma hospital admissions in New Zealand, 1999-2004. In P. A. Whigham (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre. (pp. 15-26). Dunedin, New Zealand: University of Otago. [Full Paper]

Commissioned Report for External Body

Howden-Chapman, P., Hales, S., Chapman, R., & Keskimäki, I. (2005). The impact of economic recession on youth suicide: A comparison of New Zealand and Finland. Commissioned by Ministry of Health. Wellington, New Zealand. 33p.

Fisher, G., Kjellstrom, T., Woodward, A., Hales, S. E., Town, G. I., Sturman, A. P., … O'Dea, D., … Epton, M., … Spronken-Smith, R. A., … Dawson, R., … Donnelly, P. D. (2005). Health and air pollution in New Zealand: Christchurch pilot study. Commissioned by Health Research Council, Ministry for the Environment & Ministry of Transport. New Zealand: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research.

Reid, W. V., Mooney, H. A., . . ., Hales, S. E., & et al (2005). Ecosystems and human well-being: Synthesis. Commissioned by Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Panel. Washington DC, USA: World Resources Institute/Island Press. 137p.

2004

Chapter in Book - Research

Blakely, T. A., Hales, S., Kieft, C. E., Wilson, N., & Woodward, A. (2004). Distribution of risk factors by poverty. In M. Ezzati, A. D. Lopez, A. Rodgers & C. J. L. Murray (Eds.), Comparative quantification of health risks: Volume 2: Global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors. (pp. 1941-2127). Geneva: World Health Organization.

Journal - Research Article

Rodgers, A., Ezzati, M., Vander Hoorn, S., Lopez, A. D., Lin, R.-B., Murray, C. J. L., Comparative Risk Assessment Collaborating Group, including Blakely, T., Hales, S., Kieft, C., & Wilson, N. (2004). Distribution of major health risks: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study. PLoS Medicine, 1(1), e27. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0010027

Hales, S. (2004). Precautionary health risk assessment: Case study of biological insecticides. EcoHealth, 1(4), 399-403. doi: 10.1007/s10393-004-0102-x

Hales, S., Butler, C., Woodward, A., & Corvalan, C. (2004). Health aspects of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. EcoHealth, 1(2), 124-128. doi: 10.1007/s10393-004-0085-7

Commissioned Report for External Body

Blakely, T., Hales, S., & Woodward, A. (2004). Poverty: Assessing the distribution of health risks by socioeconomic position at national and local levels (Environmental Burden of Disease Series, No. 10). Commissioned by World Health Organization. Geneva: WHO. 33p.

2003

Chapter in Book - Research

Hales, S. E., Edwards, S. J., & Kovats, R. S. (2003). Impacts on health of climate extremes. In A. J. McMichael, D. H. Campbell-Lendrum, C. F. Corvalán, K. L. Ebi, A. Githeko, J. D. Scheraga & A. Woodward (Eds.), Climate change and human health - Risks and responses. (pp. 79-102). Geneva: World Health Organization.

Journal - Research Article

Ezzati, M., Vander Hoorn, S., Rodgers, A., Lopez, A. D., Mathers, C. D., Murray, C. J. L., and the Comparative Risk Assessment Collaborating Group, including Blakely, T., Hales, S., … Wilson, N., & Woodward, A. (2003). Estimates of global and regional potential health gains from reducing multiple major risk factors. Lancet, 362, 271-280. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13968-2

Hales, S. E., Black, W., Skelly, W. C., Salmond, C. E., & Weinstein, P. (2003). Social deprivation and the public health risks of community drinking water supplies in New Zealand. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 57, 581-583.

Hales, S. E., & Woodward, A. (2003). Climate change will increase demands on malaria control in Africa. Lancet, 362(9398), 1775.

Woodward, A., & Hales, S. E. (2003). Weather, climate, climate change and human health. Applied Environmental Science & Public Health, 1(1), 3-7.

2002

Journal - Research Article

Woodward, A., Hales, S. E., & De Wet, N. (2002). What does climate change mean for human health? Pacific Ecologist, March, 15-18.

Woodward, A. J., Hales, S., & Hill, S. E. (2002). The motor car and public health. Medical Journal of Australia, 177, 592-593.

Hales, S. E., De Wet, N., Maindonald, J., & Woodward, A. (2002). The global distribution of dengue fever: Potential impact of population and climate changes. Lancet, 360, 830-834.

Commissioned Report for External Body

Blakely, T. A., Hales, S. E., Kieft, C. E., Wilson, N. C., & Woodward, A. (2002). The global distribution of risk factors by poverty: A complementary CRA. Commissioned by World Health Organisation. Wellington: Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine. 259p.

2001

Journal - Research Article

Singh, R., Hales, S. E., De Wet, N., Raj, R., Hearnden, M. N., & Weinstein, P. (2001). The influence of climate variation and change on diarrheal disease in the Pacific Islands. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109, 155-159.

De Wet, N., Ye, W., Hales, S. E., Warrick, R., Woodward, A., & Weinstein, P. (2001). Use of a computer model to identify potential hotspots for dengue fever in New Zealand. New Zealand Medical Journal, 114, 420-422.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Blakely, T. A., Hales, S. E., Kieft, C., & Woodward, A. (2001). The distribution of risk factors by poverty status. Global Burden of Disease Workshop. Geneva: World Health Organisation. [Abstract]

Commissioned Report for External Body

Fisher, G. W., Rolfe, K., Kjellstrom, T., Woodward, A., Hales, S., Sturman, A. P., … King, D. (2001). Health effects due to motor vehicle air pollution in New Zealand. Commissioned by Ministry of Transport. Wellington: Ministry of Transport. 71p.

Hales, S. E. (2001). Dioxins: Laypersons Summary of Health Risk Appraisal. Commissioned by New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. Wellington: Ministry for the Environment. 5p.

Woodward, A., Hales, S. E., & De Wet, N. (2001). Impact of Climate Change on Human Health in New Zealand. Commissioned by Ministry for the Environment. Wellington. 27p.

2000

Chapter in Book - Research

De Wet, N., & Hales, S. E. (2000). Human health. In T. Taeuea, I. Ubaitoi, N. De Wet & G. Kenny (Eds.), Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment for Kiribati. (pp. 112-130). Hamilton: University of Waikato, IGCI, SPREP, PICCAP.

Journal - Research Article

Woodward, A., Hales, S. E., Litidamu, N., Phillips, D. P., & Martin, J. (2000). Protecting human health in a changing world: The role of social and economic development. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78, 1148-1155.

Hales, S. E., Salmond, C. E., Town, G. I., Kjellstrom, T., & Woodward, A. (2000). Daily mortality in relation to weather and air pollution in Christchurch, New Zealand. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 24, 89-91.

Hales, S. E., Kovats, S., & Woodward, A. (2000). What El Niño can tell us about human health and global climate change. Global Change & Human Health, 1(1), 66-77.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Hales, S. E., Salmond, C. E., Exeter, D., Purvis, M. K., Woodward, A., & Kjellstrom, T. (2000). Spatial patterns of mortality in relation to particulate air pollution in Christchurch, 1988-1997. In P. A. Whigham (Ed.), Proceedings of the 12th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre. (pp. 37-43). Dunedin, New Zealand: University of Otago Press. [Full Paper]

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Singh, R., Raj, R., De Wet, N., & Hales, S. E. (2000). The influence of climate variation and change on diarrhoeal disease in the Pacific Islands. Proceedings of the Pacific Islands Conference on Climate Change, Climate Variability and Sea Level Rise. (pp. 21). [Abstract]

Commissioned Report for External Body

McMichael, A., Githeko, A., Martens, P., Kovats, S., Patz, J., Woodward, A., … Hales, S. E., … Smith, K. (2000). Special Report on Methodological and Technological Issues in Technology Transfer. Commissioned by The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 54p.

1999

Journal - Research Article

Salmond, C. E., Crampton, P., Hales, S. E., Lewis, S., & Pearce, N. E. (1999). Asthma prevalence and deprivation: a small area analysis. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 53, 476-480.

Hales, S. E., Weinstein, P., & Woodward, A. (1999). Ciguatera fish poisoning, El Niño, and Pacific sea surface temperatures. Ecosystem Health, 5, 20-25.

Hales, S. E., Weinstein, P., Souares, Y., & Woodward, A. (1999). El Niño and the dynamics of vectorborne disease transmission. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107, 99-102.

Maelzer, D. A., Hales, S. E., Weinstein, P., Zalucki, M., & Woodward, A. (1999). El Niño and arboviral disease prediction. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107(10), 817-818.

Hales, S. E., Howden-Chapman, P. L., Salmond, C. E., Woodward, A., & Mackenbach, J. (1999). National infant mortality rates in relation to gross national product and distribution of income. Lancet, 354(9195), 2047.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Hales, S. E., & Hearnden, M. N. (1999). Modelling the potential distribution of disease vectors in New Zealand. A case study of Aedes camptorhynchus. 11th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre. (pp. 43-50). Dunedin: University of Otago. [Full Paper]

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Hales, S. E., Weinstein, P., & Woodward, A. (1999). Fish poisoning and El Niño. Proceedings of the Environmental Indicators Symposium. Dunedin.: University of Otago. [Abstract]

1998

Journal - Research Article

Hales, S. E., Lewis, S., Slater, T. M. M., Crane, J., & Pearce, N. E. (1998). Prevalence of adult asthma symptoms in relation to climate in New Zealand. Environmental Health Perspectives, 106, 607-610.

Woodward, A., Hales, S. E., & Weinstein, P. (1998). Climate change and human health in the Asia Pacific: who will be most vulnerable? Climate Research, 11, 31-38.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Full paper

Hales, S. E., Zhou, Q. Q., Lewis, S., & Purvis, M. K. (1998). Connectionist modelling of asthma incidence in New Zealand. In P. Firns (Ed.), 10th Annual Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre (SIRC'98). (pp. 111-117). Dunedin, New Zealand: University of Otago. [Full Paper]

1997

Journal - Research Article

Lewis, S., Hales, S. E., Slater, T. M. M., Pearce, N. E., Crane, J., & Beasley, C. R. (1997). Geographical variation in the prevalence of asthma symptoms in New Zealand. New Zealand Medical Journal, 110(1049), 286-289.

Hales, S. E., Weinstein, P., & Woodward, A. (1997). Public health impacts of global climate change. Reviews on Environmental Health, 12(3), 191-199.

1996

Journal - Research Article

Hales, S. E., Weinstein, P., & Woodward, A. (1996). Dengue fever epidemics in the South Pacific: driven by El Nino Southern Oscillation? Lancet, 348(9042), 1664-1665.

1995

Journal - Research Article

Hales, S. E., Woodward, A., & Guest, C. S. (1995). Climate change in the South Pacific region: priorities for public health research. Australian Journal of Public Health, 19, 543-545.