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Health Sciences profile

Associate Professor Anitra Carr

PositionResearch Associate Professor
DepartmentDepartment of Pathology and Biomedical Science (Christchurch)
QualificationsBSc(Hons)(Cant) PhD(Otago)
Research summaryVitamin C bioavailability and health effects; recommended dietary intakes; fatigue and quality of life; cancer; severe infection; clinical studies

Research

Associate Professor Anitra Carr's area of research expertise is the role of vitamin C in human health and disease. Associate Professor Carr has a background in biomedical research and carries out translational ‘bench-to-bedside’ studies. She is currently running both observational and interventional studies investigating the requirements for vitamin C in different disorders and the potential health effects of both oral and intravenous vitamin C. She is particularly interested in the role of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic conditions such as severe infection, cancer and metabolic disorders.

Associate Professor Carr obtained a PhD from the Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, followed by an American Heart Association Post-doctoral Fellowship which was carried out at the Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, USA. Whilst there she produced a number of high impact publications on the role of vitamin C in human health and disease; one of these supported the most recent increase of the US recommended dietary intakes for vitamin C by the US Food and Nutrition Board of the Institutes of Medicine.

Associate Professor Carr returned to the University of Otago, Christchurch, and was awarded a Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship from the Health Research Council of New Zealand to undertake research into the role of vitamin C in severe infection, specifically pneumonia and sepsis. She has also investigated the effects of intravenous vitamin C on cancer and chemotherapy-related symptoms and quality of life. Associate Professor Carr hopes to not only elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action of vitamin C, but to also improve the outcomes of patients with these conditions.

Publications

Lunt, H., Carr, A. C., Heenan, H. F., Vlasiuk, E., Zawari, M., Prickett, T., & Frampton, C. (2023). People with diabetes and hypovitaminosis C fail to conserve urinary vitamin C. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, 31, 100316. doi: 10.1016/j.jcte.2023.100316

Carr, A. C., & Zawari, M. (2023). Does aging have an impact on vitamin C status and requirements? A scoping review of comparative studies of aging and institutionalisation. Nutrients, 15, 915. doi: 10.3390/nu15040915

Carr, A. C., & Lykkesfeldt, J. (2023). Does aging affect vitamin C status relative to intake? Findings from NHANES 2017-2018. Nutrients, 15, 892. doi: 10.3390/nu15040892

Vlasiuk, E., Rosengrave, P., Roberts, E., Boden, J. M., Shaw, G., & Carr, A. C. (2022). Critically ill septic patients have elevated oxidative stress biomarkers: Lack of attenuation by parenteral vitamin C. Nutrition Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.10.010

Carr, A. C., Vlasiuk, E., Zawari, M., Meijer, N., Lauren, C., MacPherson, S., Williman, J., & Chambers, S. T. (2022). Supplementation with oral vitamin C prior to and during myeloablative chemotherapy and autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A pilot study. Antioxidants, 11(10), 1949. doi: 10.3390/antiox11101949

Carr, A. C. (2020). Vitamin C in pneumonia and sepsis. In Q. Chen & M. C. M. Vissers (Eds.), Vitamin C: New biochemical and functional insights. (pp. 115-135). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Chapter in Book - Research

Carr, A., & Cheng, C. P. (2019). Veins of the upper body. In C. P. Cheng (Ed.), Handbook of vascular motion. (pp. 225-246). London, UK: Academic Press. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-815713-8.00011-5

Chapter in Book - Research

Vissers, M. C. M., Carr, A. C., Pullar, J. M., & Bozonet, S. M. (2013). The bioavailability of vitamin C from kiwifruit. In M. Boland & P. J. Moughan (Eds.), Nutritional benefits of kiwifruit. (pp. 125-147). Waltham, MA: Academic Press. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394294-4.00007-9

Chapter in Book - Research

Carr, A. C., & Lykkesfeldt, J. (2023). Does aging affect vitamin C status relative to intake? Findings from NHANES 2017-2018. Nutrients, 15, 892. doi: 10.3390/nu15040892

Journal - Research Article

Lunt, H., Carr, A. C., Heenan, H. F., Vlasiuk, E., Zawari, M., Prickett, T., & Frampton, C. (2023). People with diabetes and hypovitaminosis C fail to conserve urinary vitamin C. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, 31, 100316. doi: 10.1016/j.jcte.2023.100316

Journal - Research Article

Cant, N., Buchanan, M., Carr, A., & Boden, J. M. (2022). Cannabis use and patterns of psychotic symptomatology in a longitudinal birth cohort. New Zealand Medical Journal, 135(1562), 25-33. Retrieved from https://journal.nzma.org.nz/

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Block, G., & Lykkesfeldt, J. (2022). Estimation of vitamin C intake requirements based on body weight: Implications for obesity. Nutrients, 14, 1460. doi: 10.3390/nu14071460

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Spencer, E., Heenan, H., Lunt, H., Vollebregt, M., & Prickett, T. C. R. (2022). Vitamin C status in people with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus and varying degrees of renal dysfunction: Relationship to body weight. Antioxidants, 11(2), 245. doi: 10.3390/antiox11020245

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Vlasiuk, E., Zawari, M., Meijer, N., Lauren, C., MacPherson, S., Williman, J., & Chambers, S. T. (2022). Supplementation with oral vitamin C prior to and during myeloablative chemotherapy and autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A pilot study. Antioxidants, 11(10), 1949. doi: 10.3390/antiox11101949

Journal - Research Article

Fujii, T., Salanti, G., Belletti, A., Bellomo, R., Carr, A., Furukawa, T. A., … Young, P. J. (2022). Effect of adjunctive vitamin C, glucocorticoids, and vitamin B1 on longer-term mortality in adults with sepsis or septic shock: A systematic review and a component network meta-analysis. Intensive Care Medicine, 48, 16-24. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06558-0

Journal - Research Article

Rosengrave, P., Spencer, E., Williman, J., Mehrtens, J., Morgan, S., Doyle, T., Van Der Heyden, K., … Shaw, G., & Carr, A. C. (2022). Intravenous vitamin C administration to patients with septic shock: A pilot randomised controlled trial. Critical Care, 26(1), 26. doi: 10.1186/s13054-022-03900-w

Journal - Research Article

Spencer, E., Rosengrave, P., Williman, J., Shaw, G., & Carr, A. C. (2022). Circulating protein carbonyls are specifically elevated in critically ill patients with pneumonia relative to other sources of sepsis. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 179, 208-212. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.029

Journal - Research Article

Vlasiuk, E., Rosengrave, P., Roberts, E., Boden, J. M., Shaw, G., & Carr, A. C. (2022). Critically ill septic patients have elevated oxidative stress biomarkers: Lack of attenuation by parenteral vitamin C. Nutrition Research. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.10.010

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., & Lykkesfeldt, J. (2021). Discrepancies in global vitamin C recommendations: A review of RDA criteria and underlying health perspectives. Critical Reviews in Food Science & Nutrition, 61(5), 742-755. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1744513

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Bozonet, S., Pullar, J., Spencer, E., Rosengrave, P., & Shaw, G. (2021). Neutrophils isolated from septic patients exhibit elevated uptake of vitamin C and normal intracellular concentrations despite a low vitamin C milieu. Antioxidants, 10(10), 1607. doi: 10.3390/antiox10101607

Journal - Research Article

Dachs, G. U., Gandhi, J., Wohlrab, C., Carr, A. C., Morrin, H. R., Pullar, J. M., Bayer, S. B., Eglinton, T. W., Robinson, B. A., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2021). Vitamin C administration by intravenous infusion increases tumor ascorbate content in patients with colon cancer: A clinical intervention study. Frontiers in Oncology, 10, 600715. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.600715

Journal - Research Article

Hemilä, H., Carr, A., & Chalker, E. (2021). Vitamin C may increase the recovery rate of outpatient cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 70%: Reanalysis of the COVID A to Z randomized clinical trial. Frontiers in Immunology, 12, 674681. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674681

Journal - Research Article

Pearson, A. G., Pullar, J. M., Cook, J., Spencer, E. S., Vissers, M. C. M., Carr, A. C., & Hampton, M. B. (2021). Peroxiredoxin 2 oxidation reveals hydrogen peroxide generation within erythrocytes during high-dose vitamin C administration. Redox Biology, 43, 101980. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101980

Journal - Research Article

Rowe, S., Collins, P. D., Stacey, S. E., & Carr, A. C. (2021). Micronutrients and respiratory infections: The biological rationale and current state of clinical evaluation. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 82(4). doi: 10.12968/hmed.2020.0730

Journal - Research Article

Baxter-Parker, G., Gaddam, R. R., Moltchanova, E., Carr, A. C., Shaw, G., Chambers, S., & Gieseg, S. P. (2020). Oxidative stress and immune cell activation quantification in sepsis and non-sepsis critical care patients by neopterin/7,8-dihydroneopterin analysis. Pteridines, 31(1), 68-82. doi: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0015

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Spencer, E., Das, A., Meijer, N., Lauren, C., MacPherson, S., & Chambers, S. T. (2020). Patients undergoing myeloablative chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation exhibit depleted vitamin C status in association with febrile neutropenia. Nutrients, 12(6), 1879. doi: 10.3390/nu12061879

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Spencer, E., Hoskin, T. S., Rosengrave, P., Kettle, A. J., & Shaw, G. (2020). Circulating myeloperoxidase is elevated in septic shock and is associated with systemic organ failure and mortality in critically ill patients. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 152, 462-468. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.004

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Spencer, E., Mackle, D., Hunt, A., Judd, H., Mehrtens, J., … Beaumont, M., Kaur, S., … Young, P. J. (2020). The effect of conservative oxygen therapy on systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress in critically ill patients. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 160, 13-18. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.06.018

Journal - Research Article

Pullar, J. M., Dunham, S., Dachs, G. U., Vissers, M. C. M., & Carr, A. C. (2020). Erythrocyte ascorbate is a potential indicator of steady-state plasma ascorbate concentrations in healthy non-fasting individuals. Nutrients, 12(2), 418. doi: 10.3390/nu12020418

Journal - Research Article

Spencer, E. S., Pitcher, T., Veron, G., Hannam, T., MacAskill, M., Anderson, T., Dalrymple-Alford, J., & Carr, A. C. (2020). Positive association of ascorbate and inverse association of urate with cognitive function in people with Parkinson’s disease. Antioxidants, 9(10), 1-13. doi: 10.3390/antiox9100906

Journal - Research Article

Bozonet, S. M., & Carr, A. C. (2019). The role of physiological vitamin C concentrations on key functions of neutrophils isolated from healthy individuals. Nutrients, 11(6), 1363. doi: 10.3390/nu11061363

Journal - Research Article

Zawari, M., Poller, B., Walker, G., Pearson, A., & Carr, A. C. (2019). Formulation of broccoli sprout powder in gastro-resistant capsules protects against the acidic pH of the stomach in vitro but does not increase isothiocyanate bioavailability in vivo. Antioxidants, 8(9), 359. doi: 10.3390/antiox8090359

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., & Cook, J. (2018). Intravenous vitamin C for cancer therapy: Identifying the current gaps in our knowledge. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1182. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01182

Journal - Research Article

Prier, M., Carr, A. C., & Baillie, N. (2018). No reported renal stones with intravenous vitamin C administration: A prospective case series study. Antioxidants, 7(5), 68. doi: 10.3390/antiox7050068

Journal - Research Article

Pullar, J. M., Bayer, S., & Carr, A. C. (2018). Appropriate handling, processing and analysis of blood samples is essential to avoid oxidation of vitamin C to dehydroascorbic acid. Antioxidants, 7(2), 29. doi: 10.3390/antiox7020029

Journal - Research Article

Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., Bozonet, S. M., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2018). High vitamin C status is associated with elevated mood in male tertiary students. Antioxidants, 7(7), 91. doi: 10.3390/antiox7070091

Journal - Research Article

Wilson, R., Willis, J., Gearry, R. B., Hughes, A., Lawley, B., Skidmore, P., Frampton, C., Fleming, E., Anderson, A., Jones, L., Tannock, G. W., & Carr, A. C. (2018). SunGold kiwifruit supplementation of individuals with prediabetes alters gut microbiota and improves Vitamin C status, anthropometric and clinical markers. Nutrients, 10, 895. doi: 10.3390/nu10070895

Journal - Research Article

Brookie, K. L., Mainvil, L. A., Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., & Conner, T. S. (2017). The development and effectiveness of an ecological momentary intervention to increase daily fruit and vegetable consumption in low-consuming young adults. Appetite, 108, 32-41. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.09.015

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., & Maggini, S. (2017). Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients, 9(11), 1211. doi: 10.3390/nu9111211

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Rosengrave, P. C., Bayer, S., Chambers, S., Mehrtens, J., & Shaw, G. M. (2017). Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients despite recommended enteral and parenteral intakes. Critical Care, 21, 300. doi: 10.1186/s13054-017-1891-y

Journal - Research Article

Conner, T. S., Brookie, K. L., Carr, A. C., Mainvil, L. A., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2017). Let them eat fruit! The effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on psychological well-being in young adults: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE, 12(2), e0171206. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171206

Journal - Research Article

Pearson, J. F., Pullar, J. M., Wilson, R., Spittlehouse, J. K., Vissers, M. C. M., Skidmore, P. M. L., Willis, J., Cameron, V. A., & Carr, A. C. (2017). Vitamin C status correlates with markers of metabolic and cognitive health in 50-year-olds: Findings of the CHALICE Cohort Study. Nutrients, 9(8), 831. doi: 10.3390/nu9080831

Journal - Research Article

Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2017). The roles of vitamin C in skin health. Nutrients, 9(8), 866. doi: 10.3390/nu9080866

Journal - Research Article

Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., Bozonet, S. M., Rosengrave, P., Kettle, A. J., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2017). Elevated seminal plasma myeloperoxidase is associated with a decreased sperm concentration in young men. Andrology, 5(3), 431-438. doi: 10.1111/andr.12327

Journal - Research Article

Wilson, R., Willis, J., Gearry, R., Skidmore, P., Fleming, E., Frampton, C., & Carr, A. (2017). Inadequate vitamin C status in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Associations with glycaemic control, obesity, and smoking. Nutrients, 9(9), 997. doi: 10.3390/nu9090997

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Pullar, J. M., Bozonet, S. M., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2016). Marginal ascorbate status (Hypovitaminosis C) results in an attenuated response to vitamin C supplementation. Nutrients, 8(6), 341. doi: 10.3390/nu8060341

Journal - Research Article

Bozonet, S. M., Carr, A. C., Pullar, J. M., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2015). Enhanced human neutrophil vitamin C status, chemotaxis and oxidant generation following dietary supplementation with vitamin C-rich SunGold kiwifruit. Nutrients, 7(4), 2574-2588. doi: 10.3390/nu7042574

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Shaw, G. M., Fowler, A. A., & Natarajan, R. (2015). Ascorbate-dependent vasopressor synthesis: A rationale for vitamin C administration in severe sepsis and septic shock? Critical Care, 19, 418. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-1131-2

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., & Cook, J. S. (2014). The effect of intravenous vitamin C on cancer- and chemotherapy-related fatigue and quality of life. Frontiers in Oncology, 4, 283. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00283

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2013). Synthetic or food-derived vitamin C—are they equally bioavailable? Nutrients, 5(11), 4284-4304. doi: 10.3390/nu5114284

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Bozonet, S. M., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2013). A randomised cross-over pharmacokinetic bioavailability study of synthetic versus kiwifruit-derived vitamin C. Nutrients, 5(11), 4451-4461. doi: 10.3390/nu5114451

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Bozonet, S. M., Pullar, J. M., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2013). Mood improvement in young adult males following supplementation with gold kiwifruit, a high-vitamin C food. Journal of Nutritional Science, 2, e24. doi: 10.1017/jns.2013.12

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Bozonet, S. M., Pullar, J. M., Simcock, J. W., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2013). A randomized steady-state bioavailability study of synthetic versus natural (kiwifruit-derived) vitamin C. Nutrients, 5(9), 3684-3695. doi: 10.3390/nu5093684

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Bozonet, S. M., Pullar, J. M., Simcock, J. W., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2013). Human skeletal muscle ascorbate is highly responsive to changes in vitamin C intake and plasma concentrations. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 97, 800-807. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.053207

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Pullar, J. M., Moran, S., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2012). Bioavailability of vitamin C from kiwifruit in non-smoking males: Determination of ‘healthy’ and ‘optimal’ intakes. Journal of Nutritional Science, 1, e14. doi: 10.1017/jns.2012.15

Journal - Research Article

Vissers, M. C. M., Carr, A. C., & Winterbourn, C. C. (2001). Fatty acid chlorohydrins and bromohydrins are cytotoxic to human endothelial cells. Redox Report, 6, 49-55. doi: 10.1179/135100001101536030

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A., van den Berg, J. J. M., & Winterbourn, C. C. (1998). Differential reactivities of hypochlorous and hypobromous acids with purified E.coli phospholipid: formation of haloamines and halohydrins. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta: General Subjects, 1392, 254-264.

Journal - Research Article

Vissers, M. C. M., Carr, A. C., & Chapman, A. L. P. (1998). A comparison of human red cell lysis by hypochlorous and hypobromous acid: insights into the mechanism of lysis. Biochemical Journal, 330, 131-138. doi: 10.1042/bj3300131

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C., Domigan, N. M., & Winterbourn, C. C. (1997). Modification of red cell membrane lipids by hypochlorus acid and haemolysis by preformed lipid chlorohydrins. Redox Report, 3, 263-271.

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A., & Winterbourn, C. C. (1997). Oxidation of neutrophil glutathione and protein thiols by myeloperoxidase-derived hypochlorous acid. Biochemical Journal, 327(1), 275-281.

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A., Winterbourn, C. C., Blunt, J. W. W., Phillips, A., & Abell, A. D. (1997). Nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of 6a-chloro-5b-cholestane-3b, 5-diol formed from the reaction of hypochlorous acid with cholesterol. Lipids, 32(4), 363-367.

Journal - Research Article

Domigan, N. M., Carr, A. C., Lewis, J. G., Elder, P. A., & Winterbourn, C. C. (1997). A monoclonal antibody recognizing the chlorohydrin derivatives of oleic acid for probing hypochlorous acid involvement in tissue injury. Redox Report, 3(2), 111-117.

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A., van den Berg, J. J. M., & Winterbourn, C. C. (1996). Chlorination of cholesterol in cell membranes by hypochlorous acid. Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics, 332, 63-69.

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A., Winterbourn, C. C., & van den Berg, J. J. M. (1996). Peroxidase-mediated bromination of unsaturated fatty acids to form bromohydrins. Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics, 327, 227-233.

Journal - Research Article

Inder, T. E., Carr, A. C., Winterbourn, C. C., Austin, N. C., & Darlow, B. A. (1995). Vitamin A and E status in very low birth weight infants: Development of an improved parenteral delivery system. Journal of Pediatrics, 126(1), 128-131. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3476(95)70515-5

Journal - Research Article

Kettle, A. J., Carr, A. C., & Winterbourn, C. C. (1994). Assays using horseradish peroxidase and phenolic substrates require superoxide dismutase for accurate determination of hydrogen peroxide production by neutrophils. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 17(2), 161-164.

Journal - Research Article

Thomas, C., Carr, A. C., & Winterbourn, C. C. (1994). Free radical inactivation of rabbit muscle creatinine kinase: Catalysis by physiological and hydrolized ICRF-187 (ICRF-198) iron chelates. Free Radical Research, 21(6), 387-397.

Journal - Research Article

Winterbourn, C. C., & Carr, A. C. (1993). Myeloperoxidase-dependent loss of malondialdehyde: A limitation for detecting neutrophil-mediated lipid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics, 302(2), 461-467. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1993.1240

Journal - Research Article

Carr, A. C., & Zawari, M. (2023). Does aging have an impact on vitamin C status and requirements? A scoping review of comparative studies of aging and institutionalisation. Nutrients, 15, 915. doi: 10.3390/nu15040915

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., & Gombart, A. F. (2022). Multi-level immune support by vitamins C and D during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Nutrients, 14, 689. doi: 10.3390/nu14030689

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2021). Is "mega-dose" IV vitamin C required for septic and critical coronavirus disease 2019 patients? Critical Care Medicine, 49(4), e477-e478. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004873

Journal - Research Other

Hemilä, H., & Carr, A. (2021). Comment on "Therapeutic target and molecular mechanism of vitamin C-treated pneumonia: A systematic study of network pharmacology" by R. Li, C. Guo, Y. Li, X. Liang, L. Yang and W. Huang, Food Funct., 2020, 11, 4765. Food & Function, 12, 1371-1372. doi: 10.1039/d0fo02189j

Journal - Research Other

Calder, P. C., Carr, A. C., Gombart, A. F., & Eggersdorfer, M. (2020). Optimal nutritional status for a well-functioning immune system is an important factor to protect against viral infections. Nutrients, 12(4), 1181. doi: 10.3390/nu12041181

Journal - Research Other

Calder, P. C., Carr, A. C., Gombart, A. F., & Eggersdorfer, M. (2020). Reply to "Overstated claims of efficacy and safety: Comment on: Optimal nutritional status for a well-functioning immune system is an important factor to protect against viral infections. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1181". Nutrients, 12, 2696. doi: 10.3390/nu12092696

Journal - Research Other

Calder, P. C., Carr, A. C., Gombart, A. F., & Eggersdorfer, M. (2020). Reply to “Comment on: Optimal nutritional status for a well-functioning immune system is an important factor to protect against viral infections”. Nutrients, 12(8), 2326. doi: 10.3390/nu12082326

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2020). A new clinical trial to test high-dose vitamin C in patients with COVID-19. Critical Care, 24, 133. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-02851-4

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2020). Is the VITAMINS RCT indicating potential redundancy between corticosteroids and vitamin C? Critical Care, 24, 129. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-02853-2

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2020). Micronutrient status of COVID-19 patients: A critical consideration. Critical Care, 24, 349. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-03085-0

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., & Rowe, S. (2020). Factors affecting vitamin C status and prevalence of deficiency: A global health perspective. Nutrients, 12, 1963. doi: 10.3390/nu12071963

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., & Rowe, S. (2020). The emerging role of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Nutrients, 12, 3286. doi: 10.3390/nu12113286

Journal - Research Other

Holford, P., Carr, A. C., Jovic, T. H., Ali, S. R., Whitaker, I. S., Marik, P. E., & Smith, A. D. (2020). Vitamin C: An adjunctive therapy for respiratory infection, sepsis and COVID-19. Nutrients, 12(12), 3760. doi: 10.3390/nu12123760

Journal - Research Other

Masse, M.-H., Menard, J., Sprague, S., Battista, M.-C., Cook, D. J., Guyatt, G. H., … Carr, A., … and on behalf of the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. (2020). Lessening organ dysfunction with VITamin C (LOVIT): Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 21, 42. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3834-1

Journal - Research Other

Rowe, S., & Carr, A. C. (2020). Global vitamin C status and prevalence of deficiency: A cause for concern? Nutrients, 12, 2008. doi: 10.3390/nu12072008

Journal - Research Other

Yanase, F., Fujii, T., Naorungroj, T., Belletti, A., Luethi, N., Carr, A. C., … Bellomo, R. (2020). Harm of IV high-dose vitamin C therapy in adult patients: A scoping review. Critical Care Medicine, 48(7), e620-e628. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004396

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2019). Duration of intravenous vitamin C therapy is a critical consideration. Critical Care & Resuscitation, 21(3), 220-221. [Letter].

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2019). Vitamin C administration in the critically ill: A summary of recent meta-analyses. Critical Care, 23, 265. doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2538-y

Journal - Research Other

Fujii, T., Belletti, A., Carr, A., Furukawa, T. A., Luethi, N., Putzu, A., … Bellomo, R. (2019). Vitamin C therapy for patients with sepsis or septic shock: A protocol for a systematic review and a network meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 9(11), e033458. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033458

Journal - Research Other

Hooper, M. H., Carr, A., & Marik, P. E. (2019). The adrenal-vitamin C axis: From fish to guinea pigs and primates. Critical Care, 23, 29. doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2332-x

Journal - Research Other

Liugan, M., & Carr, A. C. (2019). Vitamin C and neutrophil function: Findings from randomized controlled trials. Nutrients, 11, 2102. doi: 10.3390/nu11092102

Journal - Research Other

Baillie, N., Carr, A. C., & Peng, S. (2018). The use of intravenous vitamin C as a supportive therapy for a patient with glioblastoma multiforme. Antioxidants, 7(9), 115. doi: 10.3390/antiox7090115

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2018). Can a simple chemical help to both prevent and treat sepsis. Critical Care, 22, 247. doi: 10.1186/s13054-018-2161-3

Journal - Research Other

Foster, M. N., Carr, A. C., Antony, A., Peng, S., & Fitzpatrick, M. G. (2018). Intravenous vitamin C administration improved blood cell counts and health-related quality of life of patient with history of relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia. Antioxidants, 7(7), 92. doi: 10.3390/antiox7070092

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., & McCall, C. (2017). The role of vitamin C in the treatment of pain: New insights. Journal of Translational Medicine, 15, 77. doi: 10.1186/s12967-017-1179-7

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., & Cook, J. S. (2015). Parenteral vitamin C relieves chronic fatigue and pain in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and mononeuritis multiplex secondary to CNS vasculitis. Case Reports in Clinical Pathology, 2(2), 57-61. doi: 10.5430/crcp.v2n2p57

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., & Cook, J. (2014). Parenteral vitamin C for palliative care of terminal cancer patients. New Zealand Medical Journal, 127(1396). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., & Cook, J. (2014). Relief from cancer chemotherapy side effects with pharmacologic vitamin C. New Zealand Medical Journal, 127(1388). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A., Pullar, J., Forbes, L., & Rosengrave, P. (2014). Working mothers are disadvantaged by limited funding for health research. New Zealand Medical Journal, 127(1398). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Dachs, G. U., Munn, D. G., Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., & Robinson, B. A. (2014). Consumption of vitamin C is below recommended daily intake in many cancer patients and healthy volunteers in Christchurch. New Zealand Medical Journal, 127(1390). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., Pullar, J. M., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2013). Beating the blues: The association between fruit and vegetable intake and improved mood. New Zealand Medical Journal, 126(1384). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2013). Vitamin C supplementation and kidney stone risk. New Zealand Medical Journal, 126(1384). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C. (2012). Depressed mood associated with gluten sensitivity: Resolution of symptoms with a gluten-free diet. New Zealand Medical Journal, 125(1366). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2012). Good nutrition matters: Hypovitaminosis C associated with depressed mood and poor wound healing. New Zealand Medical Journal, 125(1362). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., Vissers, M. C. M., Lewis, J., & Elder, P. (2012). Multiple nutrient insufficiencies: Hypovitaminosis D and C in young adult New Zealand males. New Zealand Medical Journal, 125(1364). Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., McCall, M. R., & Frei, B. (2000). Oxidation of LDL by myeloperoxidase and reacitve nitrogen species. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, & Vascular Biology, 20(7), 1716-1723. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.20.7.1716

Journal - Research Other

Carr, A. C., Zhu, B.-Z., & Frei, B. (2000). Potential antiatherogenic mechanisms of ascorbate (vitamin C) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E). Circulation Research, 87, 349-354. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.87.5.349

Journal - Research Other

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