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Contact Details

Phone
+64 3 479 7300
Email
karl.iremonger@otago.ac.nz
Position
Associate Professor
Department
Department of Physiology
Qualifications
PhD
Research summary
Neuroendocrinology

Research

The hypothalamus is an area of the brain that contains neural circuits that are essential for survival. We are specifically interested in one part of the hypothalamus called the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Neurons in the PVN are activated in response to many different types of stress and in turn release neuropeptides both within the brain and into the circulation to control the body’s stress response.

We use electrophysiology, imaging, optogenetics and other techniques to understand how neural circuits within the PVN function. We are specifically interested in determining how stress responsive neurons in the PVN process information and adapt across different physiological and behavioral states.

Publications

Power, E. M., Ganeshan, D., & Iremonger, K. J. (2023). Estradiol regulates voltage-gated potassium currents in corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Journal of Experimental Biology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1242/jeb.245222

Ohline, S. M., Liu, X., Ibrahim, M. F., Mockett, B. G., Empson, R. M., Abraham, W. C., Iremonger, K. J., & Jones, P. P. (2022). Altered membrane properties but unchanged intrinsic excitability and spontaneous postsynaptic currents in an aged APPswe/PS1dE9 model of Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 16, 958876. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.958876

Gouws, J. M., Sherrington, A., Zheng, S., Kim, J. S., & Iremonger, K. J. (2022). Regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone neuronal network activity by noradrenergic stress signals. Journal of Physiology, 600(19), 4347-4359. doi: 10.1113/JP283328

Abbasi, M., Augustine, R. A., Iremonger, K. J., & Brown, C. H. (2022). Central kisspeptin does not affect ERK1/2 or p38 phosphorylation in oxytocin neurons of late-pregnant rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(14), 7729. doi: 10.3390/ijms23147729

Abbasi, M., Perkinson, M. R., Seymour, A. J., Piet, R., Campbell, R. E., Iremonger, K. J., & Brown, C. H. (2022). Local kisspeptin excitation of rat oxytocin neurones in late pregnancy. Journal of Physiology, 600(7), 1753-1770. doi: 10.1113/jp282531

Iremonger, K. J., & Herbison, A. E. (2015). Elucidating the structure and function of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) neuron dendrites. In W. E. Armstrong & J. G. Tasker (Eds.), Neurophysiology of neuroendocrine neurons. (pp. 273-300). Chichester, UK: Wiley Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9781118606803.ch12

Chapter in Book - Research

Power, E. M., Ganeshan, D., & Iremonger, K. J. (2023). Estradiol regulates voltage-gated potassium currents in corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Journal of Experimental Biology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1242/jeb.245222

Journal - Research Article

Abbasi, M., Augustine, R. A., Iremonger, K. J., & Brown, C. H. (2022). Central kisspeptin does not affect ERK1/2 or p38 phosphorylation in oxytocin neurons of late-pregnant rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(14), 7729. doi: 10.3390/ijms23147729

Journal - Research Article

Abbasi, M., Perkinson, M. R., Seymour, A. J., Piet, R., Campbell, R. E., Iremonger, K. J., & Brown, C. H. (2022). Local kisspeptin excitation of rat oxytocin neurones in late pregnancy. Journal of Physiology, 600(7), 1753-1770. doi: 10.1113/jp282531

Journal - Research Article

Gouws, J. M., Sherrington, A., Zheng, S., Kim, J. S., & Iremonger, K. J. (2022). Regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone neuronal network activity by noradrenergic stress signals. Journal of Physiology, 600(19), 4347-4359. doi: 10.1113/JP283328

Journal - Research Article

Jamieson, B. B., Kim, J. S., & Iremonger, K. J. (2022). Cannabinoid and vanilloid pathways mediate opposing forms of synaptic plasticity in corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 34, e13084. doi: 10.1111/jne.13084

Journal - Research Article

Ohline, S. M., Liu, X., Ibrahim, M. F., Mockett, B. G., Empson, R. M., Abraham, W. C., Iremonger, K. J., & Jones, P. P. (2022). Altered membrane properties but unchanged intrinsic excitability and spontaneous postsynaptic currents in an aged APPswe/PS1dE9 model of Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 16, 958876. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.958876

Journal - Research Article

Nair, B. B., Khant Aung, Z., Porteous, R., Prescott, M., Glendining, K. A., Jenkins, D. E., Augustine, R. A., Silva, M. S. B., Yip, S. H., Bouwer, G. T., Brown, C. H., Jasoni, C. L., Campbell, R. E., Bunn, S. J., Anderson, G. M., Grattan, D. R., Herbison, A. E., & Iremonger, K. J. (2021). Impact of chronic variable stress on neuroendocrine hypothalamus and pituitary in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 33, e12972. doi: 10.1111/jne.12972

Journal - Research Article

Power, E. M., & Iremonger, K. J. (2021). Plasticity of intrinsic excitability across the estrous cycle in hypothalamic CRH neurons. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 16700. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96341-4

Journal - Research Article

Focke, C. M. B., & Iremonger, K. J. (2020). Rhythmicity matters: Circadian and ultradian patterns of HPA axis activity. Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, 501, 110652. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110652

Journal - Research Article

Bittar, T. P., Nair, B. B., Kim, J. S., Chandrasekera, D., Sherrington, A., & Iremonger, K. J. (2019). Corticosterone mediated functional and structural plasticity in corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Neuropharmacology, 154, 79-86. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.017

Journal - Research Article

Kim, J. S., Han, S. Y., & Iremonger, K. J. (2019). Stress experience and hormone feedback tune distinct components of hypothalamic CRH neuron activity. Nature Communications, 10, 5696. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13639-8

Journal - Research Article

Choi, J.-H., Jeong, Y.-M., Kim, S., Lee, B., Ariyasiri, K., Kim, H.-T., … Jamieson, B. B., Kim, J. S., Iremonger, K. J., … Kim, C.-H. (2018). Targeted knockout of a chemokine-like gene increases anxiety and fear responses. PNAS, 115(5), e1041-e1050. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1707663115

Journal - Research Article

Clarkson, J., Han, S. Y., Piet, R., McLennan, T., Kane, G. M., Ng, J., Porteous, R. W., Kim, J. S., … Iremonger, K. J., & Herbison, A. E. (2017). Definition of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator in mice. PNAS, 114(47), E10216-E10223. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1713897114

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., Porteous, R., & Herbison, A. E. (2017). Spike and neuropeptide-dependent mechanisms control GnRH neuron nerve terminal Ca2+ over diverse time scales. Journal of Neuroscience, 37(12), 3342-3351. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.2925-16.2017

Journal - Research Article

Jamieson, B. B., Nair, B. B., & Iremonger, K. J. (2017). Regulation of hypothalamic corticotropin‐releasing hormone neurone excitability by oxytocin. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 29(11), e12532. doi: 10.1111/jne.12532

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., & Bains, J. S. (2016). Asynchronous presynaptic glutamate release enhances neuronal excitability during the post-spike refractory period. Journal of Physiology, 594(4), 1005-1015. doi: 10.1113/JP271485

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., & Herbison, A. E. (2015). Multitasking in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron dendrites. Neuroendocrinology, 102(1-2), 1-7. doi: 10.1159/000368364

Journal - Research Article

Chen, X., Iremonger, K., Herbison, A., Kirk, V., & Sneyd, J. (2013). Regulation of electrical bursting in a spatiotemporal model of a GnRH neuron. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 75(10), 1941-1960. doi: 10.1007/s11538-013-9877-7

Journal - Research Article

Constantin, S., Iremonger, K. J., & Herbison, A. E. (2013). In vivo recordings of GnRH neuron firing reveal heterogeneity and dependence upon GABAA receptor signaling. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(22), 9394-9401. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.0533-13.2013

Journal - Research Article

Herde, M. K., Iremonger, K. J., Constantin, S., & Herbison, A. E. (2013). GnRH neurons elaborate a long-range projection with shared axonal and dendritic functions. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(31), 12689-12697. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0579-13.2013

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., Wamsteeker Cusulin, J. I., & Bains, J. S. (2013). Changing the tune: Plasticity and adaptation of retrograde signals. Trends in Neurosciences, 36(8), 471-479. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2013.04.007

Journal - Research Article

Constantin, S., Piet, R., Iremonger, K., Yeo, S. H., Clarkson, J., Porteous, R., & Herbison, A. E. (2012). GnRH neuron firing and response to GABA in vitro depend on acute brain slice thickness and orientation. Endocrinology, 153(8), 3758-3769. doi: 10.1210/en.2012-1126

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., & Herbison, A. E. (2012). Initiation and propagation of action potentials in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron dendrites. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(1), 151-158. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.3739-11.2012

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., Kuzmiski, J. B., Baimoukhametova, D. V., & Bains, J. S. (2011). Dual regulation of anterograde and retrograde transmission by endocannabinoids. Journal of Neuroscience, 31(33), 12011-12020. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2925-11.2011

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., Benediktsson, A. M., & Bains, J. S. (2010). Glutamatergic synaptic transmission in neuroendocrine cells: Basic principles and mechanisms of plasticity. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 31(3), 296-306. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.03.002

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., Constantin, S., Liu, X., & Herbison, A. E. (2010). Glutamate regulation of GnRH neuron excitability. Brain Research, 1364, 35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.08.071

Journal - Research Article

Gordon, G. R. J., Iremonger, K. J., Kantevari, S., Ellis-Davies, G. C. R., MacVicar, B. A., & Bains, J. S. (2009). Astrocyte-mediated distributed plasticity at hypothalamic glutamate synapses. Neuron, 64, 391-403. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.10.021

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., & Bains, J. S. (2009). Retrograde opioid signaling regulates glutamergic transmission in the hypothalamus. Journal of Neuroscience, 29(22), 7349-7358. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0381-09.2009

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., & Bains, J. S. (2008). Dynamic synapses in the hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system. Progress in Brain Research, 170, 119-128. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00411-1

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., & Bains, J. S. (2007). Integration of asynchronously released quanta prolongs the postsynaptic spike window. Journal of Neuroscience, 27(25), 6684-6691. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0934-07.2007

Journal - Research Article

Anderson, T. R., Hu, B., Iremonger, K., & Kiss, Z. H. T. (2006). Selective attenuation of afferent synaptic transmission as a mechanism of thalamic deep brain stimulation-induced tremor arrest. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(3), 841-850. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3523-05.2006

Journal - Research Article

Iremonger, K. J., Anderson, T. R., Hu, B., & Kiss, Z. H. T. (2006). Cellular mechanisms preventing sustained activation of cortex during subcortical high-frequency stimulation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 96, 613-621. doi: 10.1152/jn.00105.2006

Journal - Research Article

Perkinson, M. R., Kim, J. S., Iremonger, K. J., & Brown, C. H. (2021). Visualising oxytocin neurone activity in vivo: The key to unlocking central regulation of parturition and lactation [Invited review]. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 33, e13012. doi: 10.1111/jne.13012

Journal - Research Other

Kim, J. S., & Iremonger, K. J. (2019). Temporally tuned corticosteroid feedback regulation of the stress axis. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 30(11), 783-792. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.07.005

Journal - Research Other

Iremonger, K. J. (2013). It takes more than one κ opioid receptor to inhibit a POMC neuron. Journal of Physiology, 591(7), 1595-1596. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.251637

Journal - Research Other

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