Dr Ewan Kennedy

2026

Chapter in Book - Research

Farrell, S. F., Pascoe, M. A., Langfield, T., Jones, M., & Kennedy, E. (2026). Anatomy and function of the neck and head region. In R. Kerry & B. Cagnie (Eds.), The head and neck: Theory and practice. (pp. 35-56). London, UK: Hardspring Publishing.

Journal - Research Article

Mullen, N., Ashby, A., Beales, D., Bisset, L., Forbes, R., Ford, J., … Kennedy, E., … Osmotherly, P. (2026). Prognosis in entry-level physiotherapy programs: An Australian and New Zealand framework for developing knowledge and skills for musculoskeletal practice. Musculoskeletal Science & Practice, 84, 103572. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2026.103572

2025

Journal - Research Article

Reubenson, A., Ng, L., Lawton, V., Nahon, I., Terry, R., Baldwin, C., … Kennedy, E., … on behalf of the Physiotherapy Clinical Education Research Collaborative (PCERC). (2025). The assessment of physiotherapy practice is a robust measure of entry-level physiotherapy standards: Reliability and validity evidence from a large, representative sample. PLoS ONE, 20(4), e0321397. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321397

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Hockey, K., & Kennedy, E. (2025). Voice physiotherapy: Clinical characteristics of individuals presenting to physiotherapy for voice and throat care. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 53(1), (pp. S45-S46). doi: 10.15619/ncjp.v53i1.478

Hockey, K., & Kennedy, E. (2025). The role and impact of voice physiotherapy: A qualitative study of service user perspectives. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 53(1), (pp. S45). doi: 10.15619/ncjp.v53i1.478

2024

Journal - Research Article

Farrell, G., Chapple, C., Kennedy, E., Reily-Bell, M., Sampath, K., Spontelli Gisselman, A., … Katare, R., & Tumilty, S. (2024). Autonomic nervous system and endocrine system response to upper or lower cervical spine mobilization in males with persistent post-concussion symptoms: A proof-of-concept trial. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy, 32(6), 602-618. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2024.2363018

Hockey, K., & Kennedy, E. (2024). The role and impact of voice physiotherapy: A qualitative study of service user perspectives. Physiotherapy Theory & Practice, 41(4), 783-791. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2024.2363904

Elias, J., Sutherland, E., & Kennedy, E. (2024). Concussion management in older people: A scoping review. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 39(4), 293-303. doi: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000933

Hockey, K., & Kennedy, E. (2024). Clinical characteristics of individuals presenting to physiotherapy for voice and throat care: A retrospective case notes review. Journal of Voice. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2024.01.007

Dacombe-Bird, M., Dassanayake, S., Beck, S., Ribeiro, D. C., Nixon, G., Bryant, K., Stokes, T., Wilkins, G., Johnstone, C., Dixon, D., August, S., & Kennedy, E. (2024). Musculoskeletal chest pain prevalence in emergency department presentations: A retrospective case notes review. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 36(2), 302-309. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.14352

Walker, S. M., Blattner, K., Nixon, G., Koroheke Rogers, M., & Kennedy, E. (2024). What does it mean to be an allied health professional working in rural Aotearoa New Zealand? A qualitative study. Australian Journal of Rural Health, 32, 53-66. doi: 10.1111/ajr.13061

Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)

Galea, O., Gray, E., Kennedy, E., Dick, M., Quinn, D., & Sole, G. (2024, July). A streamlined approach to identifying adults suited to neck rehabilitation acutely following concussion: Protocol for a feasibility study. Poster session presented at the 12th World Conference of the International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists (IFOMPT): Crossing Bridges, Basel, Switzerland.

Farrell, G., Chapple, C., Kennedy, E., Sampath, K., Spontelli Gisselman, A., Cook, C., Reily-Bell, M., Katare, R., & Tumilty, S. (2024, July). Autonomic nervous system and endocrine system response to upper or lower cervical spine mobilisation in males with persistent post-concussion symptoms: A proof-of-concept trial. Poster session presented at the 12th World Conference of the International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists (IFOMPT): Crossing Bridges, Basel, Switzerland.

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Gooch, T., Kennedy, E., Lamberts, R., & Appleby, S. (2024, August). Saliva swabs: A game-changer for concussion diagnosis and management. Verbal presentation at the BMS Postgraduate Symposium, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Gooch, T., Kennedy, E., Lamberts, R., & Appleby, S. (2024, August-September). Saliva swabs: A game-changer for concussion diagnosis and management. Verbal presentation at the 18th New Zealand Medical Sciences Congress (MedSci), Queenstown, New Zealand.

2023

Journal - Research Article

Farrell, G., Reily-Bell, M., Chapple, C., Kennedy, E., Sampath, K., Gisselman, A. S., … Katare, R., & Tumilty, S. (2023). Autonomic nervous system and endocrine system response to upper and lower cervical spine mobilization in healthy male adults: A randomized crossover trial. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy, 31(6), 421-434. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2023.2177071

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Lapointe, K. D., Kennedy, E., McGeown, J., Cornfield, D., & Woodley, S. (2023). Exploring the construct validity of upper cervical flexion in supine as a stress of the C1-C2 transverse ligament. Proceedings of the Graduate Research Student Symposium. (pp. 18). Retrieved from https://www.otago.ac.nz/graduate-research

Galea, O. A., Gray, E. A., Kennedy, E., Dick, M., Quinn, D., & Sole, G. (2023). A streamlined approach to identifying adults suited to neck rehabilitation acutely following concussion: Protocol for a feasibility study. Proceedings of the New Zealand Manipulative Physiotherapists Association (NZMPA) Biennial Conference. (pp. 27). Retrieved from https://www.nzmpa.org.nz

Kennedy, E., Bax, J., Blanchard, P., Drinkwater, K., Dysart, A., Horan, K., Jina, R., Leaming, A., Lee, P., Lepine, G., Jackson, D., & George, A. (2023). Clients and conditions encountered by final year physiotherapy students in private practice. A retrospective analysis. Proceedings of the New Zealand Manipulative Physiotherapists Association (NZMPA) Biennial Conference. (pp. 22). Retrieved from https://www.nzmpa.org.nz

Culling, M., Kendrew, I., Carman, A., Bussey, M., Sole, G., Kennedy, E., & Galea, O. (2023). Use of electromyography for determination of neck muscle fatigue: Can it strengthen validity of clinical outcome measures? A scoping review. Proceedings of the New Zealand Manipulative Physiotherapists Association (NZMPA) Biennial Conference. (pp. 18). Retrieved from https://www.nzmpa.org.nz

Farrell, G., Bell, M., Chapple, C., Kennedy, E., Sampath, K., Gisselman, A. S., … Katare, R., & Tumilty, S. (2023). Autonomic nervous system and endocrine system response to upper and lower cervical spine mobilisation in healthy male adults: A randomized crossover trial. Proceedings of the New Zealand Manipulative Physiotherapists Association (NZMPA) Biennial Conference. (pp. 17). Retrieved from https://www.nzmpa.org.nz

Anakin, M., & Kennedy, E. (2023). Moving beyond student satisfaction: Identifying learning design features from an interprofessional education initiative. Proceedings of the Australian & New Zealand Association for Health Professional Educators (ANZAHPE) Festival. 121. Retrieved from https://www.anzahpe.org/

2022

Journal - Research Article

Kennedy, E., & Anakin, M. (2022). Insights about instructional design features of an interprofessional education initiative involving clinical reasoning with physiotherapy and medicine students. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 50(3), 126-132. doi: 10.15619/NZJP/50.3.04

Farrell, G., Wang, S., Chapple, C., Kennedy, E., Spontelli Gisselman, A., Sampath, K., … Tumilty, S. (2022). Dysfunction of the stress response in individuals with persistent post-concussion symptoms: A scoping review. Physical Therapy Reviews, 27(5), 384-405. doi: 10.1080/10833196.2022.2096195

Kennedy, E., Bax, J., Blanchard, P., Drinkwater, K., Dysart, A., Horan, K., Jina, R., Leaming, A., Lee, P., Lepine, G., Jackson, D., & George, A. (2022). Clients and conditions encountered by final year physiotherapy students in private practice: A retrospective analysis. Physiotherapy Theory & Practice, 38(13), 3027-3036. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2021.1975340

Journal - Research Other

Mohai, A., Gifford, J., Herkt, R., Parker, A., Toder, A., Dixon, D., & Kennedy, E. (2022). A scoping review of cervical spine evaluation in standardised clinical concussion evaluation tools. Physical Therapy in Sport, 57, 95-104. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2022.07.010

Walker, S. M., Kennedy, E., Nixon, G., & Blattner, K. (2022). The allied health workforce of rural Aotearoa New Zealand: A scoping review. Journal of Primary Health Care, 14(3), 259-267. doi: 10.1071/HC22055

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Farrell, G., Wang, S., Chapple, C., Kennedy, E., Gisselman, A., Sampath, K., … Tumilty, S. (2022). Dysfunction of the stress response in individuals with persistent post-concussion symptoms: A scoping review. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 50(3, Suppl.), (pp. S21). doi: 10.15619/NZJP/50.3.07

Dacombe-Bird, M., Dassanayake, S., August, S., Ribeiro, D. C., Nixon, G., Stokes, T., Wilkins, G., Bryant, K., Beck, S., & Kennedy, E. (2022). Musculoskeletal chest pain prevalence in emergency department presentations: A retrospective case notes review. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 50(3, Suppl.), (pp. S18). doi: 10.15619/NZJP/50.3.07

Mohai, A., Gifford, J., Herkt, R., Parker, A., Toder, A., Dixon, D., & Kennedy, E. (2022). Evaluating the cervical spine in concussion: A scoping review of standardised concussion evaluation tools. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 50(3, Suppl.), (pp. S7). doi: 10.15619/NZJP/50.3.07

2021

Journal - Research Article

Kennedy, E., Chapple, C., Quinn, D., & Tumilty, S. (2021). Can the neck contribute to persistent symptoms post concussion? Long-term follow up from a prospective descriptive case series. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy, 29(5), 318-331. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2021.1920276

Journal - Research Other

Farrell, G., Chapple, C., Kennedy, E., Sampath, K., Gisselman, A. S., Cook, C., & Tumilty, S. (2021). Dysfunction of the stress response in individuals with persistent post-concussion symptoms: A scoping review protocol. Physical Therapy Reviews, 26(6), 467-480. doi: 10.1080/10833196.2021.1948752

2020

Journal - Research Article

Maxtone, S., Bishop, M., Chapple, C., Tumilty, S., Quinn, D., & Kennedy, E. (2020). Physiotherapist involvement in concussion services in New Zealand: A national survey. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 48(2), 70-79. doi: 10.15619/NZJP/48.2.03

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Cornwall, J., Crawford, R. J., Kennedy, E., Abbott, R., & Elliott, J. M. (2020). A proposed method defining muscular regions of interest for the cervical spine on magnetic resonance imaging with anatomical cross-reference. Clinical Anatomy, 33(2), (pp. E42). doi: 10.1002/ca.23370

Anakin, M., Gao, J., Olson, H., Lee, C., Wright, D., Kennedy, E., Newsham-West, K., & McMillan, M. (2020). Building a multi-professional framework for interpreting undergraduate students' experiences of learning decision-making in medicine, pharmacy, and physiotherapy [Research papers]. Proceedings of the Association for Medical Education in Europe (AMEE): The Virtual Conference. RP8.4 (3958). Retrieved from https://amee.org/conferences/amee-2020

2019

Journal - Research Article

Kennedy, E., Quinn, D., Chapple, C., & Tumilty, S. (2019). Can the neck contribute to persistent symptoms post concussion? A prospective descriptive case series. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 49(11), 845-854. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8547

van der Walt, K., Tyson, A., & Kennedy, E. (2019). How often is neck and vestibulo-ocular physiotherapy treatment recommended in people with persistent post-concussion symptoms? A retrospective analysis. Musculoskeletal Science & Practice, 39, 130-135. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2018.12.004

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Anakin, M., Kennedy, E., Wright, D., & Butler, M. (2019). Using a curriculum change perspective to identify faculty development support for interprofessional learning. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Faculty Development in the Health Professions. (pp. 49). Retrieved from http://www.royalcollege.ca/rcsite/events/icre/facdev-conference-e

Hume, P., Hardaker, N., Kara, S., Whatman, C., Reid, D., Fulcher, M., … Kennedy, E., & Quinn, D. (2019). Sprains, strains and SOBI: Can physiotherapists have an increased role in sport originated brain injury assessment and management? [Panel discussion]. Proceedings of the Sports Medicine New Zealand Annual Conference. (pp. 17). Dunedin, New Zealand: Sports Medicine. [Abstract]

Anakin, M., Kennedy, E., Wright, D. F. B., & Butler, M. (2019). Applying a contextual model of curriculum change to analyse interprofessional learning initiatives. Proceedings of the Australian & New Zealand Association for Health Professional Educators (ANZAHPE) Conference. (pp. 117-118). Renmark, Australia: ANZAHPE. [Abstract]

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Kennedy, E., & Quinn, D. (2019, June). Concussion or neck injury? Navigating the head/neck complex. Workshop presentation at the New Zealand Manipulative Physiotherapists Association (NZMPA) 50th Anniversary Symposium, Auckland, New Zealand.

2018

Journal - Research Article

Elliott, J. M., Cornwall, J., Kennedy, E., Abbott, R., & Crawford, R. J. (2018). Towards defining muscular regions of interest from axial magnetic resonance imaging with anatomical cross-reference: Part II: Cervical spine musculature. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 19, 171. doi: 10.1186/s12891-018-2074-y

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Anakin, M., Kennedy, E., & Wright, D. (2018). Applying a contextual model of curriculum change to analyse the implementation of interprofessional learning. Proceedings of the Higher Education Development Centre (HEDC) Symposium: Celebrating Higher Education. (pp. 7). Retrieved from https://www.otago.ac.nz/hedc

Kennedy, E., Steel, M., & Wilson, D. (2018). INTERact: A developing model for embedding inter-professional education in student clinical placements. Proceedings of the All Together Better Health (ATBH) IX Conference. 1263. Retrieved from http://www.atbhix.co.nz

Kennedy, E., & Anakin, M. (2018). Comparing clinical reasoning of physiotherapy and medical students. Proceedings of the All Together Better Health (ATBH) IX Conference. 1275. Retrieved from http://www.atbhix.co.nz

Kennedy, E., Quinn, D., Tumilty, S., & Chapple, C. (2018). Towards integrated neck and concussion rehabilitation in New Zealand. Proceedings of the Physiotherapy New Zealand Conference. (pp. 99). Retrieved from https://pnz.org.nz/conference

Kennedy, E., & Anakin, M. (2018). Comparing clinical reasoning of physiotherapy and medical students. Proceedings of the Physiotherapy New Zealand Conference. (pp. 69). Retrieved from https://pnz.org.nz/conference

Kennedy, E., Quinn, D., Chapple, C. M., & Tumilty, S. (2018). Cervical spine dysfunction in people with persistent postconcussion symptoms: A prospective case series. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 48(1), (pp. A14-A15). doi: 10.2519/jospt.2018.48.1.A1

Anakin, M., Kennedy, E., Dar, O., Edmond, J., Holborow, S., Radue, P., & Pinnock, R. (2018). Involving students in the design of resources for learning clinical reasoning skills for collaborative practice. Proceedings of the Australian & New Zealand Association for Health Professional Educators (ANZAHPE) Conference. Renmark, Australia: ANZAHPE. [Abstract]

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Anakin, M., & Kennedy, E. (2018, June). Interprofessional learning: Clinical reasoning of physiotherapy and medical students. Verbal presentation at the Otago Medical School Medical Education Research Symposium, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Anakin, M., & Kennedy, E. (2018, June). Student engagement and interprofessional learning in physiotherapy and medicine. Verbal presentation at the SERGE Symposium 2018, Dunedin, New Zealand.

2017

Journal - Research Article

Kennedy, E., Albert, M., & Nicholson, H. (2017). Do longus capitis and colli really stabilise the cervical spine? A study of their fascicular anatomy and peak force capabilities. Musculoskeletal Science & Practice, 32, 104-113. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2017.10.005

Kennedy, E., Quinn, D., Tumilty, S., & Chapple, C. M. (2017). Clinical characteristics and outcomes of treatment of the cervical spine in patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms: A retrospective analysis. Musculoskeletal Science & Practice, 29, 91-98. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2017.03.002

Kennedy, E., Albert, M., & Nicholson, H. (2017). The fascicular anatomy and peak force capabilities of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Surgical & Radiologic Anatomy, 39(6), 629-645. doi: 10.1007/s00276-016-1768-9

Conference Contribution - Verbal presentation and other Conference outputs

Kennedy, E. (2017, November). It's not all in your head: Persistent post-concussion symptoms can be neck-related. Invited presentation at the Southern Physiotherapy Symposium 8, Queenstown, New Zealand.

Kennedy, E. (2017, August). How does the neck contribute to persistent post-concussion symptoms? A prospective case series. Verbal presentation at the New Zealand Manipulative Physiotherapists Association (NZMPA) Biennial Scientific Conference, Rotorua, New Zealand.

Other Research Output

Kennedy, E. (2017, February). How does the neck contribute to persistent post-concussion symptoms? School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Department Seminar].

2015

Journal - Research Article

Cornwall, J., & Kennedy, E. (2015). Fiber types of the anterior and lateral cervical muscles in elderly males. European Spine Journal, 24(9), 1986-1991. doi: 10.1007/s00586-015-3795-3

2011

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Cornwall, J., Kennedy, E., & Stringer, M. D. (2011). Fibre types of the anterior cervical muscles. Surgical & Radiologic Anatomy, 33(Suppl. 1), (pp. S20). [Abstract]

Cornwall, J., Kennedy, E., & Stringer, M. D. (2011). Muscle fiber types of longus colli. Clinical Anatomy. 24(3), (pp. 399-400). doi: 10.1002/ca.21157

2009

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Kennedy, E., & Nicholson, H. (2009). Estimating peak force generating capacities of the sternocleidomastoid: Intergrating old and new methods. Clinical Anatomy. 22, (pp. 404). [Abstract]

Conference Contribution - Poster Presentation (not in published proceedings)

Kennedy, E., Mercer, S., & Nicholson, H. (2009, August). The clinical anatomy of the sternocleidomastoid. Poster session presented at the 17th Congress of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists, Cape Town, South Africa.

2006

Journal - Research Other

Kennedy, E., & Mercer, S. (2006). The posterior triangle of the neck: Where is scalenus anterior? New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 34(3), 142-146.

Conference Contribution - Published proceedings: Abstract

Kennedy, E. J., & Mercer, S. R. (2006). The architecture and morphology of the anterior neck muscles. Clinical Anatomy. 19, (pp. 175). [Abstract]

2005

Journal - Research Other

Woodley, S. J., Kennedy, E., & Mercer, S. R. (2005). Anatomy in practice: The sacrotuberous ligament. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 33(3), 91-94.

2004

Journal - Research Article

Kennedy, E., Cullen, B., Abbott, J. H., Woodley, S., & Mercer, S. R. (2004). Palpation of the iliolumbar ligament. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 32(2), 76-79.